A Comparitive Study of Students' Perceptions by Fixed Responses and Free Descriptions, and the Development of a Method of Guidance

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  • 児童の生物認識の言語報告と自由記述による比較研究及びそれに基づく指導法の開発
  • ジドウ ノ セイブツ ニンシキ ノ ゲンゴ ホウコク ト ジユウ キジュツ ニ

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Abstract

<p>Students' perceptions of living things have been examined in various ways. But such examinations were made using multiple-choice questionnaires which could not measure their perceptions accurately. In fact, another report has shown that knowledge about the forms of living things could not be measured through a simple choice of fixed responses. This was made clear by a comparison of fixed-response questions with free descriptions by a group of students : 1) The students had seen, heard, and raised such living things as morning glories and crayfish, but they did not know about their forms, living environments, or cultivation. 2) The students learned more about such living things as soybean plants and newts when they had the chance to see, hear, and raise them. Judging the real students' situations, we inspected the effects of prior activation to remove the over-conciousness which formed a blocking factor for their observations.</p>

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