The Establishment of Science Education and the Laboratory Teaching Method in England : The Ideas of H.E.Armstrong

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  • イギリスにおける理科教育の成立と実験室教授法―アームストロングの論を中心に―
  • イギリス ニ オケル リカ キョウイク ノ セイリツ ト ジッケンシツ キョウ

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Abstract

<p>This article discusses the function and the importance of the laboratory teaching method that contributed to the formation and development of science education. The teaching of science in schools has traditionally followed the didactic method of teaching used in the field of humanities in which the students listen to and memorize information from the teachers. This method of teaching science has been challenged,thereby creating the need for some innovative changes. These conditions have lead to the development of the laboratory teaching method which gives students a chance to act as scientists and discoverers by solving problems through experiments based on the scientific method. Students are then able to gather facts by themselves. This laboratory teaching method is known to be a part of the science education research method of the natural sciences. This method has made four important contributions to the history of science education: 1. The basic style of teaching and learning in science education provides students with opportunities to solve problems by discovery in the laboratory. 2. The development of the laboratory teaching method has resulted in the organization of a new field of science education which has the objectives of developing scientific,logical thinking skills and attitudes and the acquisition of the scientific method. 3. With the laboratory teaching method,the basic principle of modern education regarding the fundamentals of learning can be implemented : "self-activity of the child." 4. The laboratory teaching method in science teaching has merged the research method of the natural sciences with the "principle of self-activity"of modern education,thereby putting the theory of modern education into actual practice. The laboratory teaching method, based on the above mentioned points,has provided important contributions to the development of modern education.</p>

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