放射性有機廃液の焼却に関する総合的研究

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  • Intensive Study for Behavior of 3H, 14C, 32P, 35S, and 45Ca during the Incineration of Liquid Scintillation Cocktail Waste.
  • ホウシャセイ ユウキ ハイエキ ノ ショウキャク ニ カンスル ソウゴウテキ

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Liquid scintillation counters are widely used for the assay of β- ray emitting radioisotopes. In Japan it is mandatory for liquid scintillation cocktail waste containing 5 nuclides (3H, 14C, 32P, 35S, 45Ca) to be incinerated by a specially designed incineration system. We examined the performance of incineration systems and beheavior of radioisotopes during incineration from the viewpoints of safe handling of radioisotopes and environmental protection.<BR>Size distribution of radioactive particles in the exhaust air was studied. 3H and 14C were not observed because they produce gaseous chemical compounds during incineration. 32P, 35S and 45Ca particles were less than 1μm, between 0.1 and 1μm (U-shape distribution with minimum at 0.3-0.6 μm), and between 0.1 and 3μm (with maximum at 1 μm), respectively.<BR>Translocation percentages of 3H, 14C, 32P, 35S, and 45Ca to the exhaust air and cooled washing water (exhaust water) were about 2.2, 94, 27, 5.6, 33 and 96, 1.3, 35, 76, 34%. pH values of the cooled washing water were about 5.5 and 7 under the normal incineration conditions and at the end of incineration, respectively. Chemical oxygen demand (COD) and insoluble substance concentrations in the exhaust water after incineration were less than 3 ppm and less than 5 mg/L, respectively. Trapping efficiency of the filter unit constructed with prefilters and HEPA filters for 32P, 35S and 45Ca particles were 99.95±0.02, 99.62±0.27, and 99.97±0.01%, respectively.

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