The Internal Structure of Kamaishi Mining-Manufacturing Community and Its Formation Processes

• IWAMA Hideo

  Ibaraki Christian High School.

Bibliographic Information

Other Title

• 釜石における鉱工業地域社会の内部構造とその発達過程
• カマイシ ニ オケル コウコウギョウ チイキ シャカイ ノ ナイブ コウゾウ

Abstract

The present study attempts to identify the patterns and processes of the internal structure of the Kamaishi iron mining-manufacturing community in Iwate prefecture, Tohoku district. It then con structs a formation model of the internal structure of a single mining-manufacturing community by comparing Kamaishi with the Ube coal mining-manufacturing community in Yamaguchi prefecture and the Hitachi copper mining-electrical manufacturing community in Ibaraki prefecture.<br> Kamaishi, the birthplace of modern Japanese iron mining-manufacturing, has greatly contributedd to the growth of the Japanese steel industry.<br> The results of the study are summarized as follows.<br> (1) The Kamaishi iron mining-manufacturing industry was first developed by a clan in the feudal period. After being managed by the Meiji government, it grew into a modern enterprise.<br> (2) A mining-manufacturing community typically consists of a company community and the sur rounding affiliated community. In the feudal period, the Kamaishi iron mining-manufacturing commu nity had a unipolar zonal concentric structure with the production function in its core.<br> In the period when the Meiji government managed the industry, a unipolar concentric zonal struc ture with two cores, a production and a residential function, characterized the internal structure.<br> In the period of the Tanaka Ironwork Company, a unipolar zonal concentric structure with three cores, production, commercial and residential functions, characterized the internal structure. These were located around the company offices. This structure corresponded with the cases of Ube and Hita chi.<br> When the system of making steel from ore in the same plant was established, the size of the compa ny community grew twice. It was transformed from a unipolar concentric zonal structure to an ex panded unipolar concentric zonal structure. By enlargement of production functions, commercial and residential districts were moved outward.<br> In the period of decline, the residential area expanded into the surrounding area because both employ ees and retired people established their homes there, resulting in the expansion of the urbanized area.<br> (3) The internal structure of the Ohashi iron mining community had a unipolar concentric zonal structure, in which production, commercial, and residential districts were located around the company offices. A decline in the mining industry forced cutbacks in the Ohashi iron mining community. This process corresponded with the case of the Hitachi Mine's Motoyama community.<br> (4) The above analysis led to the internal structure model of the Kamaishi single miningmanufacturing community shown in Figure 9.<br> (5) A single mining-manufacturing community develops from a unipolar into a multipolar concentric zonal structure, and into a core concentric zonal structure such as in the Ube and Hitachi cases. The Kamaishi community developed from a unipolar to a expanded unipolar concentric zonal structure. It did not develop into a core concentric zonal structure because the company established the system of making steel from ore in the same plant. In addition, the shallow valley topography contributed to the present structure.<br> (6) The Kamaishi mining-manufacturing community developed from a company community to a manufacturing community, to a manufacturing city, and finally to a complex city. These formation processes correspond with the cases of Ube and Hitachi. While the development of the industry in Ube and Hitachi transformed them from manufacturing cities to complex cities, the decline of the industry and urban renewal of the old site in Kamaishi had a relative effect on the formation of the urban structure.<br> (7) The above analysis led to the internal structure model of a single iron mining-manufacturing community as proposed in Figure 10.

Journal

• Geographical Review of Japa,. Ser. A, Chirigaku Hyoron

  Geographical Review of Japa,. Ser. A, Chirigaku Hyoron 70 (4), 216-234, 1997

  The Association of Japanese Geographers

Keywords

• mining-manufacturing community
• zonal structure
• expanded unipolar concentric zonal structure
• system of making steel from ore in one plant

Details

• CRID: 1390282680401573120
• NII Article ID: 110000521490
• NII Book ID: AN1016484X
• DOI: 10.4157/grj1984a.70.4_216
• ISSN: 21851735
• ISSN: 00167444
• NDL BIB ID: 4168752
• Web Site: https://ndlsearch.ndl.go.jp/books/R000000004-I4168752
• Web Site: https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/grj1984a/70/4/70_4_216/_pdf
• Data Source:
  • JaLC
  • NDL
  • Crossref
  • CiNii Articles
• Abstract License Flag: Disallowed