Relationship between Characteristics of the Area and Fire Damage in Kobe City after the Hyogoken-nambu Earthquake

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  • 兵庫県南部地震における神戸市各区の火災被害と地域特性の関連
  • ヒョウゴケン ナンブ ジシン ニ オケル コウベシ カク ク ノ カサイ ヒガ

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Abstract

Following the Hyogoken-nambu Earthquake, many collapsed buildings spread fire extensively, and collapsed buildings on narrow streets prevented the fire-brigade from passing. This indicated that characteristics of the area including building density and width of the street, related to the fire damage. <br>In this paper, we discuss the relation between the fire damage following the Hyogoken-nambu Earthquake and the characteristics of each ward in Kobe City. <br>We surveyed the characteristics of the area of fire damage using papers and reports on the Earthquake as reference. Statistic data corresponding to the characteristics were selected based on the survey results, and the correlation between fire damage and statistics of each ward in Kobe City was analyzed. <br>Conclusions are as follows: <br>(1) Factors which can mitigate damage are trees near buildings or streets, various water supplies, and fire fighting by residents. Factors which spread fire are the remoteness to water supply and the closeness to hazardous material factories. <br>(2) Characteristics of the area which have high fire risk are described as follows: high density of old small houses, high ratio of the elderly living alone, low ratio of the growth of population, high density of hazardous material factories, and high number of building fires per year. <br>(3) Comparison of statistics related to fire damage indicates that some cities such as the 23 wards in Tokyo have similar risk to Kobe City.

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