東北地方における果樹栽培地域の気候環境について

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タイトル別名
  • Climatic Environments of Fruit Growing Regions in Tohoku District.
  • トウホク チホウ ニ オケル カジュ サイバイ チイキ ノ キコウ カンキョウ

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The core regions of fruits growing show the prominent features of “Landshaft”. In this paper, climatic environments of these fruits growing regions in Tohoku district were analyzed based on potential evapotranspiration (PET), water deficit and water surplus by Thornthwaite method (1948). Apple, grape, peach and persimmon were examined here. The results are as follows:<br>(1) The main fruits growing regions in Tohoku district are Fukusima Basin, Yamagata Basin and southern part of Tugaru Plain. In addition to this, orchards and vineyards concentrate in the upper and middle part of Mabeti river valley in Aomori Prefecture, Kitakami Basin in Iwate Prefecture and Yokote Basin in Akita Prefecture.<br>(2) These fruits growing regions have hydroclimatic properties of the relatively large PET and large water deficit.<br>(3) According to an analysis of the relation between PET and yield of apples and grapes in the core district of these fruits growing in Japan, the maximum potential yield of apples happen at 680mm of PET and of grapes happen at 780mm.<br>(4) By analysis of effects of PET and April-September water surplus on yield of fruits in Yamagata prefecture, it was able to make clear that the maximum potential yield occurs at 680-694mm of PET and under dry condition. Most adaptable April-September Water surplus to potential yield is 177mm for apples, 95mm for persimons, 29mm for grapes, 6mm for peaches, respectively. Moreover, the potential yield of these fruits fall under the humid condition over the critical values of water surplus described above.

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