飽和超流動ヘリウム中の絶縁破壊特性に及ぼす液体温度と電極サイズの影響

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  • Influence of Temperature and Electrode Size on Breakdown Characteristics in Saturated Superfluid Helium
  • ホウワ チョウ リュウドウ ヘリウムチュウ ノ ゼツエン ハカイ トクセイ ニ

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Dc breakdown strength and pulsed breakdown time lag of saturated superfluid liquid helium (HeII) at 1.4K and 1.85K are measured over a wide range of electrode size and applied field strength. The results of the measurements are statistically analyzed by using Weibull distribution functions. It is found that area effect is dominant for do and pulsed breakdown rather than volume effect as in the case of liquid helium of 4.2K (HeI). A shape parameter in the Weibull distribution function for do breakdown strength of HeII is smaller than that of HeI. As a result, do breakdown in superfluid helium can take place in a wider electrode area than in normal liquid helium, while no remarkable difference in breakdown area are observed between 1.85K and 1.4K. On the other hand, the statistical time lag in HeII becomes shorter with temperature decrease. According to Fowler-Nordheim theory, it is suggested that a higher electron mobility in HeII may increase the field emitted electron kinetic energy to trigger the liquid breakdown with a higher probability.

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