Effects of Chlorine on Periphytic Algae and Macroinvertebrates in a Stream Receiving Treated Sewage as Maintenance Water.

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  • 下水処理を維持用水とする小川の付着藻類と底生動物に及ぼす残留塩素の影響

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Abstract

In a stream receiving only chlorine-treated sewage as maintenance water, the periphytic algal biomass and macroinvertebrate density were both low immediately below the entry of the effluent, but in-creased on passing downstream. However, at the most downstream site, the algal biomass again decreased, presumably due to the presence of many grazers. The species-richness of both groups of organisms also increased downstream, becoming obvious when the TRC concentration was <0.1 mg l-1. Choricystis chodatii (JAAG) FOTT was predominant in algal communities and Chironomus yoshimatsui MARTIN et SUBLETTE, or species of Tubificidae predominant in macroinvertebrate communities at all sites.<BR>In situ experiments showed that algal accumulation on artificial clay tiles exposed to chlorine was clearly less than at a reference site. When the reference site was also subjected to chlorine exposure, the algal community consisted of two species of green algae, as opposed to the many species of diatoms which were usually present.<BR>Exposure of the algal biomass from the high TRC concentration site to three different TRC concentrations (1.0, 2.0 and 4.1 mg l-1) showed no significant differences from the control, whereas diatoms at the reference site showed significant differences from the control at all concentrations (P<0.01). The mortality of C. yoshimatsui MARTIN et SUBLETTE, collected from the sites exposed to chlorine and the reference site was always high in the presence of 4.1 mg l-1 TRC, but only significant differences were recognized in the control from the reference site (P <0.01) .

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