Observation of Double Stable Clouds of Cold Atoms in Magneto-Optical Traps.

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  • Bagnato V. S.
    Departamento de Física e Ciência dos Materiais, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo Caixa Postal 369, 13560–970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
  • Bigelow N. P.
    Department of Physics and Astronomy and the Lab. for Laser Energetics, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA
  • Marcassa L. G.
    Departamento de Física e Ciência dos Materiais, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo Caixa Postal 369, 13560–970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
  • Zilio S. C.
    Departamento de Física e Ciência dos Materiais, Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo Caixa Postal 369, 13560–970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil

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Abstract

We present the observation of double stable clouds of cold trapped atoms in a magneto-optical trap and its explanation with a simple model based on radiative forces. This structure occurs for a specific misalignment of the trapping laser beams whose Gaussian profiles introduce an extra term in the equation of motion for the trapped atom. We were able to obtain simple analytical expressions for the trap potential and for the separation of the clouds, and carried out a numerical calculation which agrees well with the experimental observations.

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