死亡危険度に関する1891年濃尾地震, 1948年福井地震, 1995年兵庫県南部地震の比較

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タイトル別名
  • Comparison of Fatality Risk between the 1891 Nobi Earthquake, the 1948 Fukui Earthquake and the 1995 Hyogoken-Nanbu Earthquake
  • シボウ キケンド ニ カンスル 1891ネン ノウビ ジシン 1948ネン フクイ ジシン 1995ネン ヒョウゴケン ナンブ ジシン ノ ヒカク

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Fatality risks due to building collapses are investigated for three typical inland earthquakes in Japan; the 1891 Nobi earthquake, the 1948 Fukui earthquake, and the 1995 Hyogoken-Nanbu earthquake. The damage data obtained from these earthquakes are analyzed to evaluate relationships between fatality rate in population and collapse rate of wooden houses. A lethality function normalized for estimated numbers of inhabitants in collapsed houses is also estimated for investigation on normalized fatality risk with respect to building collapses. By comparing the analysis results, we discuss the circumstances of human casualties in these earthquakes: 1) Although different distributions of collapse rate were observed between the Nobi earthquake and the Fukui earthquake, the human casualties in both earthquakes show similar tendency that higher mortality was properly induced in the area with large damage of buildings; 2) The extensive damage by the Hyogoken-Nanbu earthquake was concentrated in limited area as compared with the other earthquakes, however high fatality rates are estimated even in relatively low-damaged regions; 3) The fatality risks in seriously damaged regions are higher than those in moderately damaged regions for every earthquake, while the fatality risks evaluated for the Hyogoken-Nanbu earthquake are two times as large as those of past earthquakes. From these results, we point out that the vulnerability to human casualties by earthquakes is still existing despite the advancement of seismic performance of buildings.

収録刊行物

  • 地震　第２輯

    地震　第２輯 52 (1), 189-197, 1999

    公益社団法人 日本地震学会

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