Expression of Virulence-Associated Antigens of Rhodococcus equi Is Regulated by Temperature and pH

  • TAKAI Shinji
    Department of Animal Hygiene, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Kitasato University
  • FUKUNAGA Nariaki
    Department of Animal Hygiene, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Kitasato University
  • KAMISAWA Kei
    Department of Animal Hygiene, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Kitasato University
  • IMAI Yumiko
    Department of Animal Hygiene, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Kitasato University
  • SASAKI Yukako
    Department of Animal Hygiene, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Kitasato University
  • TSUBAKI Shiro
    Department of Animal Hygiene, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Kitasato University

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We recently reported that there are two different virulence-associated antigens correlated with virulence levels in Rhodococcus equi isolates from AIDS patients: virulent R. equi that kills mice with 106 cells expresses 15- to 17-kDa antigens and intermediately virulent R. equi that kills mice with 107 cells expresses a 20-kDa antigen. Environmental parameters were evaluated for their effects on the expression of these virulence-associated antigens in virulent R. equi strains by immunoblotting using monoclonal antibodies in this study. Expression of these two virulence-associated antigens of R. equi was regulated by pH and temperature; the antigens were produced maximally when the isolates were grown at 38C and pH 6.5, but were not produced when grown at 38C and pH 8, nor at temperatures below 30C. The 20-kDa antigen was found to be located on the cell surface, as were the 15- to 17-kDa antigens, and showed susceptibility to proteolysis by trypsin. These results indicate that expression of the virulence-associated antigens of R. equi is dependent on the environmental conditions.

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