SUSCEPTIBILITIES OF BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM PATIENTS WITH RESPIRATORY INFECTIOUS DISEASES TO ANTIBIOTICS (1994)

IKEMOTO HIDEO, WATANABE KAZUYOSHI, MORI TAKESHI, IGARI JUN, OGURI TOYOKO, KOBAYASHI KUNIHIKO, SATOU KIYOSHI, MATSUMIYA HIDEMI, SAITO AKIRA, TERAI TSUGIO, TANNO YASUO, NISHIOKA KIYO, ARAKAWA MASAAKI, WADA KOUICHI, OKADA MASAHIKO, OZAKI KYOKO, AOKI NOBUKI, KITAMURA NOBUKO, SEKINE OSAMU, SUZUKI YASUTOSHI, MATSUDA MASAFUMI, TANIMOTO HIROICHI, NAKATA KOUICHIRO, NAKAMORI YOSHITAKA, NAKATANI TATSUO, INAGAWA HIROKO, KABE JUNZABUROU, KUDO KOUICHIRO, YAMAMOTO YUMIKO, ISHIHARA TERUO, OKADA JUN, KOBAYASHI HIROYUKI, TAKEDA HIROAKI, OSHITANI HIROSHI, KAWAI SHIN, SHIMADA KAORU, YAMAGUCHI KEIZO, IWATA MORIHIRO, ITO AKIRA, SUMITOMO MIDORI, SOEJIMA RINZO, NIKI YOSHITO, ANDO MASAYUKI, YAMANE NOBUHISA, TOSAKA MASAKAZU, HARA KOHEI, KAKU MITSUO, HIRAKATA YOICHI, MATSUDA JUNICHI, NASU MASARU, GOTO YOUICHIRO, ITO MORIO, SAITO ATSUSHI, KUSANO NOBUCHIKA

doi:10.11553/antibiotics1968b.49.419

Bacteria isolated from lower respiratory tract infections were collected in cooperation with institutions located throughout Japan, since 1981. IKEMOTO et al. have been investigating susceptibilities of these isolates to various antibacterial agents and antibiotics, and characteristics of the patients and isolates from them each year. Results obtained from these investigations are discussed. In 23 institutions around the entire Japan, 492 strains of presumably etiological bacteria were isolated mainly from the sputum of 421 patients with lower respiratory tract infections from October 1994 to September 1995. MICs of various antibacterial agents and antibiotics were determined against 70 strains of Staphylococcus aureus, 101 strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae, 92 strains of Haemophilus influenzae, 61 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (non-mucoid strains), 25 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (mucoid strains), 48 strains of Moraxella subgenus Branhamella catarrhalis, 14 strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae etc., and the drug susceptibilities of these strains were assessed except for those strains that died during transportation. 1. S. aureus S. aureus strains for which MICs of oxacillin were higher than 4μg/ml (methicillin-resistant S. aureus) accounted for 51.4%, but the frequency of the drug resistant bacteria decreased comparing to the previous year's 56.0%. Vancomycin showed the highest activity against S. aureus with MIC₈₀ of 0.5μg/ml. 2. S. pneumoniae Most of the drugs tested showed potent activities against S. pneumoniae. Imipenem of carbapenems showed the most potent activity with MIC₈₀ was 0.063μg/ml. Erythromycin and clindamycin showed low activities with MIC₈₀s ≥256μg/ml. Among these strains, however, 46.5% and 68.3% of strains, were quite sensitive toward these agents, respectively, with MICs of 0.063μg/ml. 3. H. influenzae The activities of all drugs were potent against H. influenzae tested. Cefmenoxime a cephem, showed the most potent activity, the MICs of this drug against all of the 92 strains were 0.063μg/ml. Ofloxacin also showed a potent activity, and inhibited about 96% of strains with MIC of 0.063μg/ml. 4. P. aeruginosa (mucoid strains) Tobramycin showed the most potent activity against P. aeruginosa (mucoid strains) with MIC₈₀ of 0.5μEg/ml. Gentamicin, arbekacin and ciprofloxacin showed next potent activities, and their MIC₈₀s were 2μg/ml. 5. P. aeruginosa (non-mucoid strains) Tobramycin showed the most potent activity against P. aeruginosa (non-mucoid strains) with MIC₈₀ of 2μg/ml. Comparing to the activities against P. aeruginosa (mucoid strains), the activities of all the drugs tested were lower against P. aeruginosa (non-mucoid strains). 6. K. pneumoniae Carumonam showed the most potent activity against K. pneumoniae with MIC₈₀ of 0.063μg/ml. Cefozopran showed the next most potent activity with MIC₈₀ of 0.125μg/ml. Ampicillin and cephems except cefpodoxime, cefozopran and cefditoren showed low activities and their MIC₈₀s were ≥16μg/ml, and their MICs were all higher than ≥4μg/ml. 7. M.(B.)catarrhalis Imipenem and ofloxacin showed the most potent activities against M.(B.) catarrhalis, their MIC₈₀s were 0.063μg/ml. Erythromycin and minocycline showed the next highest activities with their MIC₈₀s at 0.25μg/ml. Also, we investigated year to year changes in the background of patients, the respiratory infectious diseases, and the etiology of bacteria.

SUSCEPTIBILITIES OF BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM PATIENTS WITH RESPIRATORY INFECTIOUS DISEASES TO ANTIBIOTICS (1994)

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SUSCEPTIBILITIES OF BACTERIA ISOLATED FROM PATIENTS WITH RESPIRATORY INFECTIOUS DISEASES TO ANTIBIOTICS (1994)

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