抜歯後即時植立インプラント体周囲の骨形成と微細血管構築の変化に関する実験的研究

DOI 被引用文献6件 参考文献22件

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  • Experimental Studies on the Bone Formation and Sequential Changes in the Microvasculature Surrounding Dental Implants Installed Immediately after Tooth Extraction

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Dental implant operation is usually performed following a complete healing of the tooth extraction socket and the superstructure is fixed after a definite resting period. However, if implantation would be performed immediately after tooth extraction, healing of the extraction socket proceeds simultaneous with osteointegration surrounding the implant. Such an attempt will shorten implant operation as a whole.<br>In the present study, mandibular molars on one side in Japanese monkeys were extracted and those on the other side also extracted. Titanium cylinder type implants were installed 3 months after healing of the sockets in the former as usual. The same implants were installed immediately after extraction in the latter. In both procedures, these animals were euthanasized at 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks after implantation, respectively. Microvasculature of these materials were examined utilizing the plastic injection method by scanning electron microscopy. The contact interface between the implant surface and integrating bone was examined by transmission electron microscopy.<br>In usual implantation, new bone formation began 2 weeks after operation, the whole implant was surrounded by new bone at 8 weeks and the bone matured at 12 weeks. In immediate implantation, newly-formed capillaries were formed around the implant at 2 weeks, new bone formation at 4 weeks and the whole implant was surrounded by new bone at 12 weeks. Collagen fibers expanding from the implant surface were observed at 12 weeks.<br> Implant anchorage, even in cases of immediate implantation following tooth extraction, was obtained by sufficient osteointegration at 12 weeks without marked differences from the usual implantation. Accordingly, it can be said that the immediate implantation after tooth extraction in this experimental study is sufficient to make the implantation treatment shorter as a whole compared with usual implantation.

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