Paralytic and Digestive Activities of Jelly-like Substances Secreted by a Lysaretid Polychaete, Halla okudai

  • Kawai Koichiro
    Department of Ecology, Faculty of Applied Biological Science, Hiroshima University
  • Kunitake Hiromi
    Marine Products Development Section, Amakusa Regional Office
  • Saito Hidetoshi
    Department of Ecology, Faculty of Applied Biological Science, Hiroshima University
  • Imabayashi Hiromichi
    Department of Ecology, Faculty of Applied Biological Science, Hiroshima University

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Abstract: Jelly-like substances secreted by a lysaretid polychaete, the“ akamushi” Halla okudai, while handling and feeding on prey were shown to have paralytic and digestive activities, and the active factors were partially purified and characterized. An extract of the handling-phase jelly exhibited a paralytic activity against Japanese killifish as well as short-necked clams. Only the supernatant after precipitation of the extract with 75% saturated ammonium sulfate retained this property. Gel filtration of the supernatant produced two active fractions of 14-68 kDa and less than 0.9 kDa, respectively. Anion exchange chromatography of the higher-molecular-weight active fraction produced nine protein peaks, of which only the third, not adsorbed to the anion exchange column, exhibited the activity. The molecular weight of this fraction was shown to be 62 or 54 kDa by SDS-PAGE. On the other hand, an extract of the feeding-phase jelly showed a protein-digestive activity. The precipitate of this extract with 50% saturated ammonium sulfate also had this property, and it exerted an activity even at 4°, but not after heating at 56° for 30 minutes. These results suggest that the jelly-like substance produced while handling prey contains components with a paralytic activity that provides for efficient handling of the prey, while that produced while feeding contains digestive enzymes for quick ingestion of the prey.

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