給液管理がピートバッグとロックウールで生育するトマトの水関係に及ぼす影響

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  • 徐 会連
    自然農法国際研究開発センター•農業試験場
  • Gauthier Laurent
    Horticulture Research Center, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences
  • Dube Pierre-Andre
    Horticulture Research Center, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences
  • Gosselin Andre
    Horticulture Research Center, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences

書誌事項

タイトル別名
  • Effects of Fertigation Scheduling on Water Relations of Tomato Plants Grown in Peat Bags and Rockwool Slabs.
  • Effects of fertigation scheduling on wa

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Greenhouse tomato plants (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. Capello) were grown in peat bags and rockwool slabs to examine the effects of varying the electrical conductivity (EC) of the nutrient solution and substrate matric water potential (Ψsub) on plant water rela- tions. EC of the nutrient solution delivered to peat bags varied between 1 to 4 dS•m-1 with Ψsub of either-5 kPa or-9 kPa as the setpoint for starting the irrigation. The EC variations were adjusted automatically by a computer system according to potential eva- potranspiration (PET), which was calculated from radiation and vapor pressure deficit. Plants in rockwool slabs were treated with three EC levels, 2.5, 4.0 and 5.5 dS•m-1. Plants in both peat bags and rockwool slabs were overwatered once a week to leach accumulated salts out of the substrates. Before plants were overwatered, leaf water potential (ΨL) was lower in the plants treated with high EC and low Ψsub, but turgor potential (P) was maintained close to the control value. This was attributed to the osmo- tic adjustment caused mainly by the active solute accumulation. After plants under high EC or low Ψsub were overwatered, ΨL recovered to the control level, and P became high- er because of the lower osmotic potential (π) than in the control plants. At a given ΨL, the plants under variable EC, high EC, and low Ψsub maintained higher leaf relative wa- ter content (ζ). These leaves had high turgid water content, high symplasmic (osmotically active) water content, low apoplasmic (osmotically inactive) watger content and low ζ at the point of zero turgor (incipient plasmolysis). EC variations in peat bags according to PET caused osmotic adjustment and turgor regulation although the extent was small. Maintenance of P after overwatering was directly proportional to stomatal conductance and photsynthetic rate. Our results suggested that tomato plants adjusted their internal water status and compartment of tissue water in symplasmic and apoplasmic fractions in response to high EC and low Ψsub and that varying EC together with overwatering plants once a week not only reduced salinity stress but also favored turgor maintenance.

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  • 園芸学会雑誌

    園芸学会雑誌 66 (2), 359-370, 1997

    一般社団法人　園芸学会

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