Adenosine, Oxidative Stress and Cytoprotection.
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- Ramkumar Vickram
- Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology
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- Hallam Dan M.
- Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology
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- Nie Zhongzhen
- Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Department of Pharmacology
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Abstract
Adenosine, a metabolite of ATP, serves a number of important physiological roles in the body. These actions contribute to sedation, bradycardia, vasorelaxation, inhibition of lipolysis and regulation of the immune system and are mediated, in part, through activation of three distinct adenosine receptor (AR) subtypes. To date, four receptor types have been cloned: A1, A2A, A2B and A3. It is becoming increasing clear that adenosine contributes significantly to cytoprotection, a function mediated principally by the A1AR and A3AR. In this review, we survey the literature on the role of adenosine and the mechanisms underlying cytoprotection and ischemic preconditioning, a process characterized by cytoprotection derived from repeated brief ischemic challenges. An important recent observation is that the expression of several AR subtypes could be regulated by oxidative stress to provide a greater cytoprotective role. Thus, like other proteins known to be regulated during ischemia, the A1AR and A3AR can be considered as being inducible receptors.
Journal
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- The Japanese Journal of Pharmacology
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The Japanese Journal of Pharmacology 86 (3), 265-274, 2001
The Japanese Pharmacological Society
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Details 詳細情報について
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- CRID
- 1390001204286550656
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- NII Article ID
- 10007122495
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- NII Book ID
- AA00691188
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- COI
- 1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXlsFagtbs%3D
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- ISSN
- 13473506
- 00215198
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- NDL BIB ID
- 5848630
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- PubMed
- 11488425
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- Text Lang
- en
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- Data Source
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- JaLC
- NDL
- Crossref
- PubMed
- CiNii Articles
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- Abstract License Flag
- Disallowed