下顎および手指の音刺激に対応するタッピング運動の解析：健常有歯顎者について

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  • Three-dimensional Analysis of Orofacial and Hand Tapping Movements in Normal Dentulous Subjects.

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Correlation between movements of the mandible and hand in response to auditory signals were studied to obtain basic data on motor skills in the orofacial structures and upper extremities.<BR>Ten dentulous young adults were asked to make tapping movements of the mandible or hand in synchronization with auditory signals generated at regular intervals of 1.3 time/sec.<BR>Light-emitting markers that could be recorded as shining points when illuminated by a cold spotlight were used to monitor the orofacial and hand movements. This system provided trajectory data for the menton (Me) and fingertips (Ft). The subjects' hand or facial markers were recorded on videotape by two highspeed TV cameras from two perspectives, i. e., frontally and laterally, during a series of 20 tappings. The videotape of hand or facial recordings were then reproduced on high-speed video and fed into an image processor (Image Data ID-8000, nac Co.) that automatically tracked the movements of each marker.<BR>The frame numbers of the opening/closing or up/down phases of each stroke were identified by sweep drawings of the up/down movements. Then the trajectory of each monitored point was computed using a three-dimensional (3 D) analyzer (Movias 3 D, nac Co.) with reference to the following parameters: total length of the trajectory from start to finish (TL); distance between the start and finish of the trajectory (SL); ratio of TL to SL (TL/SL); volume of the rectangular solid encompassing the entire trajectory (cubic range); and the mean of the 3 D angles created by differences in the direction of the preceding and subsequent trajectories for each measured time point (TH).<BR>The following results were obtained. Although the range of movement for the Ft was approximately 8 times greater than that for the Me, the time lag between the auditory signal and Ft movement was significantly smaller (p<0.01) than that between the signal and Me movement. The TL and TL/SL of the Me and Ft during the closing/down phase were significantly smaller than during the opening/up phase. Similarly, the TH of the Ft during the down phase was significantly smaller (p<0.05) than during the up phase. These results indicated that the trajectories of the closing/down phase are smoother and more convergent than those of the opening/up phase (TL, p<0.01; TL/SL of the Ft, p<0.05).

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