Vascular .ALPHA.1-Adrenoceptor Subtype Selectivity and .ALPHA.1-Blocker-Induced Orthostatic Hypotension.

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  • Take Hitoshi
    Department of Molecular, Cell Pharmacology, National Children’s Medical Research Center
  • Shibata Katsushi
    Department of Molecular, Cell Pharmacology, National Children’s Medical Research Center
  • Awaji Takeo
    Department of Molecular, Cell Pharmacology, National Children’s Medical Research Center
  • Hirasawa Akira
    Department of Molecular, Cell Pharmacology, National Children’s Medical Research Center
  • Ikegaki Ichiro
    First Laboratory for Pharmacological Research, Institute for Life Science Research, Asahi Chemical Industry
  • Asano Toshio
    First Laboratory for Pharmacological Research, Institute for Life Science Research, Asahi Chemical Industry
  • Takada Tatsuyuki
    Department of Molecular, Cell Pharmacology, National Children’s Medical Research Center
  • Tsujimoto Gozoh
    Department of Molecular, Cell Pharmacology, National Children’s Medical Research Center

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Other Title
  • Vascular α1-Adrenoceptor Subtype Selectivity and α1-Blocker-Induced Orthostatic Hypotension
  • Vascular アルファ1 Adrenoceptor Subtype Sel
  • Vascular a1-adrenoceptor subtype selectivity and a1-blocker induced orthostatic hypotension

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Abstract

Newly developed α1-adrenoceptor antagonists including naftopidil are free from the “prazosin-like” side effect of orthostatic hypotension and associated symptoms. We investigated the mechanism for the differential effects of naftopidil and prazosin on the development of postural hypotension, with special attention on their selectivity for the α1-adrenoceptor subtype. We observed that head-up tilt caused a similar extent of drop in mean arterial pressure in control, naftopidil (1 mg/kg)- or prazosin (10 μg/kg)-treated rats; however, the tilt-induced postural hypotension was recovered within 2 min in the naftopidil-treated group, but not in the prazosin-treated group. Comparing an inhibitory effect on noradrenaline-induced contraction in the rat aorta and portal vein, we found that naftopidil was sixfold less potent in the portal vein, while prazosin showed similar potency in both tissues. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that the expression of α1d-adrenoceptor mRNA predominated in the aorta, while that of α1b-adrenoceptor mRNA predominated in the portal vein. Using cloned rat α1-adrenoceptor subtypes, we found that naftopidil was selective for the α1d-subtype with approximately ninefold higher affinity than at the other subtypes. These results show that the pharmacological character of naftopidil, combined with the differential expression of the α1-adrenoceptor subtype in the artery and the vein, may partly explain the differential effect of naftopidil and prazosin on head-up tilt-induced hemodynamic responses.

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