Anaphora Resolution of Sentences and Noun Phrases by Matching Dependency Structures

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  • 支配従属構造照合による文と名詞句の前方照応解析

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Abstract

We propose a simple method of analysing correferentiality between sentences and later occurring noun phrases. Our method uses surface information and requires no complex data or processing mechanism. We represent a sentence and a later occurring noun phrase as dependency structures, and examine whether the two structures are matched. Where a matching between them can be established, we assume that the two are correferential. The rules for establishing structural matching are part of the paradigm of theme packing, namely the predictable changes of adverbal particles into adnominal particles and the disappearance of some non-essential information. In order to ascertain to what degree anaphora can be correctly traced by such simple processing, we have carried out an experiment centred upon sentences governed by a verb of the SAHEN category and later occurring noun phrases in which the head noun is formally identical with the invariable part of the SAHEN verb. Of the 178 pairs of such sentences and noun phrases selected from newspaper articles, 133 pairs (74.7%) were correctly identified as correferential or otherwise, in accordance with human judgement. Furthermore, as a side effect, the number of dependency structures to be considered can be reduced by selecting only the pairs of dependency structures with the best affinity through structural matching. By this method the average 3.4-fold structural ambiguity was reduced to average 1.8-fold.

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