どのようにして盲人は環境内を移動するのか :

• 伊藤 精英

  日本学術振興会

書誌事項

タイトル別名

• How do Blind Travellers Locomote from a Start to a Destination:
• ウェイファインディングに対する生態心理学的アプローチ
• The Ecological Approach to Wayfinding

抄録

Of much interests have been spatial cognition and wayfinding by the blind. The traditional approach to spatial cognition and locomotion have taken the central problem to be what kind of cognitive map the blind establish. The main reason for motivating such kind of studies is why holding a map in mind has been thought of as being crucial for blind travellers to reach to a destination. Review of previous studies leads to contradictory results; while visual experience and visual modality set influence on accuracy of cognitive map, some studies indicate the individual difference rather than these effects. The basic ideas of ecological approach offered by J. J. Gibson will be outlined. This approach to environment perception and locomotion concerns how organisms wayfind and reach a destination. The purpose of ecological studies is to determine information picked up in perceptual flows such as optical flow and to demonstrate some relationship between detected invariant structure of environment on the basis of information and performance of wayfinding. One challenging study which applied this approach to wayfinding by the blind will be shown. The results suggest as follows. First, by taking an ecological approach, it is possible to reveal how blind travellers negotiate through environment. Second, it is not so easy to evaluate accuracy of orientation defined by Gibson.

収録刊行物

• 認知科学

  認知科学 5 (3), 3_25-3_35, 1998

  日本認知科学会

キーワード

• ウェイファインディング
• 生態学的アプローチ
• 盲人
• 定位
• 知覚

詳細情報

• CRID: 1390001204484516480
• NII論文ID: 10009704153
• NII論文ID: 10015084703
• NII書誌ID: AN1047304X
• DOI: 10.11225/jcss.5.3_25
• ISSN: 18815995
• ISSN: 13417924
• 本文言語コード: ja
• データソース種別:
  • JaLC
  • CiNii Articles
• 抄録ライセンスフラグ: 使用不可