口腔癌細胞の膜脂質組成の相違に基づく抗癌剤感受性

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  • Sensitivities of Oral Cancer Cells to various anti-Cancer Drugs based on the Difference of the Membrane Lipid Composition

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It has long been known that the effect of anti-cancer drug is dependent on the histaogical type of the target cancer cells. We have examined the sensitivity to cisplatin, peplomycin and doxorubicin of five human cancer cell lines by growth assay in serum-free culture. Of the cell lines tested, salivary gland adenocarcinoma cell lines (SAC) were shown to be more sensitive to cisplatin than squamous cell carcinoma cell lines (SCC) in vitro. On the other hand, SCC were more sensitive to peplomycin and doxorubicin in comparison to SAC. It is known that these drugs were uptaken into cells by passive transport system. We have speculated that heterogeneity of these drug effects is resulted from the difference of membrane permiability, which should be determined by membrane lipid composition of the cells. We have found that 70% of total membrane lipid in SCC is phospholipid. In contrast,80% of total lipid in SAC is neutral lipid such as triglyceride. The higher neutral lipid level of SAC which should have resulted in decreased membrane fluidity, is consistent with the higher accumulation of cisplatin compared to SCC. On the other hand, peplomycin and doxorubicin exhibited high cytotoxicity to SCC, which membrane lipid consisted of phospholipid mainly. These results suggested that the lipid composition of cancer cell membrane was major factor determining the sensitivity of cancer cells to anti-cancer drugs.

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