我が国の草地飼料畑における微量重金属の堆肥による投入量と牧草および飼料作物による収奪量 Estimation of Trace Heavy Metals in Balances Grassland and Forage Cropping Areas of Japan : Loads from Farmyard Manure and Uptake by Grass and Forage Crops

この論文にアクセスする

この論文をさがす

著者

抄録

日本全国から収集した堆肥,牧草および飼料作物,草地飼料畑の表層土壌の銅,亜鉛,カドミウム,鉛濃度を測定した.これらの分析値と堆肥生産量,作物収量等の統計資料に基づき,我が国の草地飼料畑における微量重金属の堆肥からの投入量と牧草および飼料作物による収奪量を推定した.1)堆肥中の銅濃度は,豚堆肥,鶏堆肥,牛堆肥の順に,前者ほど高かった.亜鉛,カドミウム濃度は,豚堆肥,鶏堆肥が牛堆肥より高かった.鉛濃度の畜種間差は,認められなかった.乳牛堆肥と肉牛堆肥は,全ての測定元素で,濃度の差が認められなかった.2)作物中の飼濃度は,牧草がトウモロコシより高く,亜鉛濃度は,牧草,ソルガムがトウモロコシより高かった.カドミウム濃度は,ソルガムが牧草,トウモロコシより高かった.鉛濃度の作物間差は,認められなかった.3)草地飼料畑における飼,亜鉛,カドミウム,鉛の堆肥による投入量は,牧草および飼料作物による収奪量より大きく,これらの微量重金属は草地飼料畑において蓄積傾向にあると推定され,銅,亜鉛,カドミウムに対して,10〜100年程度の時間スケールで,土壌蓄積への注意が必要であると考えられた.4)草地飼料用の表層土壌に含まれる銅,亜鉛、カドミウム,鉛の濃度分布を日本土壌のバックグラウンド値の濃度分布と比較すると,飼,カドミウム,鉛では,両者に大きな差が認められなかったが,亜鉛では,草地飼料畑の方が高濃度域に分布する傾向が認められた.

Samples of farmyard manure (FYM), grass and forage crops, as well as surface soils from grasslands and forage cropping areas were collected from throughout Japan and analyzed for copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb). Based on these analyses and statistics on FYM production and grass and forage crop yields, the loads of trace heavy metals from FYM to grassland and forage cropping areas and the uptake of these elements by grass and forage crops were estimated. 1) The Cu concentrations were greater in the order of those in pig, poultry and cattle manure. The Zn and Cd concentrations in pig and poultry manure were higher than those in cattle manure. No difference was observed for Pb concentrations in cattle, pig and poultry manure. In addition, no difference was observed in any of the analyzed elements of beef and dairy cattle manure. 2) The Cu concentrations in grass were larger than those in maize. The Zn concentrations in grass and sorghum were greater than those in maize. The Cd concentrations in sorghum were higher than those in grass and maize. No difference was observed for Pb concentrations among grass, sorghum and maize. 3) For Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb, loads from FYM to grassland and forage cropping areas were larger than their uptake by grass and forage crops, thereby suggesting that these elements have a tendency to accumulate in the soils of grassland and forage cropping areas. Attention should be paid to Cu, Zn and Cd accumulation in soils over a timescale of 10 to 100 years. 4) The frequency distributions of Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb concentrations in surface soils from grassland and forage cropping areas of Japan were compared with those of background levels in soils of Japan. No substantial difference was observed in the distribution of Cu, Cd and Pb concentrations. However, Zn concentrations in soils from grassland and forage cropping areas were slightly greater than the background levels of Japan.

収録刊行物

  • 日本土壌肥料學雜誌

    日本土壌肥料學雜誌 75(6), 651-658, 2004-12-05

    一般社団法人日本土壌肥料学会

参考文献:  25件中 1-25件 を表示

被引用文献:  11件中 1-11件 を表示

各種コード

  • NII論文ID(NAID)
    10014111546
  • NII書誌ID(NCID)
    AN00195767
  • 本文言語コード
    JPN
  • 資料種別
    ART
  • ISSN
    00290610
  • NDL 記事登録ID
    7178896
  • NDL 雑誌分類
    ZR7(科学技術--農林水産--農産)
  • NDL 請求記号
    Z18-331
  • データ提供元
    CJP書誌  CJP引用  NDL  NII-ELS  IR 
ページトップへ