若年競技者の月経随伴症状 : 中学生,高校生,大学生間の比較  [in Japanese] The occurrence of symptoms associated with menstruation in young athletes : Comparison between junior high school students, high school students and university students  [in Japanese]

比較的高強度の運動を定期的に行う若年女性の月経随伴症状の出現傾向を年代間で比較検討することを目的に, 部活動で陸上競技を行う中学生(J群), 高校生(H群), 大学生(U群)について, 身体的, 競技的背景, 月経現象, および月経随伴症状について調査し, 以下のことがわかった。月経周期が正常である選手は, J群50.9%, H群59.1%, U群71.0%であった。月経随伴症状は, 「下腹部痛」の頻度が最も高く, J群45.0%, H群51.5%, U群61.3%で, 加齢に伴い明らかに高頻度を示した。J群とH群は月経2日目に症状が集中した。一方U群は, 月経1日目に高頻度を示す症状が多く, さらに「イライラ感」や「乳房痛」が月経前に高頻度でみられた。U群は他2群と比較し正常周期が高率であったことから, U群の年代で女性ホルモンの分泌が安定する選手が多くなると推測される。U群の諸症状が月経1日目に高頻度を示すのは, 症状が月経前から月経前期まで持続する選手の割合が高かったことが影響していると考えられる。以上のことより, 若年競技者は大学生を境に, 月経随伴症状の出現に変化が現われることが示唆された。

A comparative study was conducted to investigate tendencies in the occurrence of symptoms associated with menstruation among different age groups of young women taking part in relatively highintensity exercise on a regular basis. The study was carried out on female track and field club members in junior high school (group J), high school (group H) and university (group U) and covered their physical and athletic background, menstruation and symptoms associated with menstruation. The following results were observed : The proportion of athletes with a normal menstrual cycle was 50.9 % for group J, 59.1 % for group H and 71.0 % for group U. The most common symptom associated with menstruation was lower abdominal pain, the occurrence of which was 45.0 % in group J, 51.5 % in group H and 61.3 % in group U. This clearly shows a higher occurrence with increasing age. In groups J and H, the highest incidence of symptoms was on the second day of menstruation, whereas for group U, it was on the first day of menstruation. In addition, in group U, high occurrences of irritability and breast pain were observed before menstruation. The fact that the proportion of athletes in group U with a normal menstrual cycle is higher than the other two groups suggests that the proportion of athletes with stable secretion of female hormones is higher in group U. The high incidence of symptoms on the first day of menstruation in group U is believed to be linked to a higher proportion of athletes in this group whose symptoms continued from before menstruation to the early stages of the menstruation period. The above results suggest that the occurrence of symptoms associated with menstruation changes with age among young female athletes, with the change occurring from university age.