ミュータンスレンサ球菌およびその他の口腔レンサ球菌の小児プラーク中への定着と齲蝕との関連性

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  • Colonization with Age of Mutans and Other Oral Streptococci and its Relationship to Caries Prevalence in Children

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The mutans streptococci, Streptococcus mutans and S. sobrinus, in habitat the human oral cavity, and primarily dental plaque, are considered to be major etiologic agents of dental caries in children. The colonization with age of each mutans streptococci and other oral streptococci and its relationship to caries prevalence in children are not yet fully understood. In this study, the species-specific PCR assays targeting gtf and 16S rRNA genes were developed, and the colonization of S. mutans, S. sobrinus, S. gordonii, S. sanguinis, S. oralis, S. anginosus and S. salivarius in plaque samples from 320 children (0 to 15 years old,20 subjects from each year of age) were assessed in relation to caries prevalence. The PCR assays enabled specific detection of 0.5 to 10 pg of genomic DNA, corresponding to 100 CFU of bacteria, of each species. In the plaque samples from 320 children who were referred to The Dental Hospital of Iwate Medical University and the affiliated nursery schools for dental treatment or followup treatment and who were the participants in the Survey of Dental Health and Welfare in Hiraizumi, Iwate prefecture, S. mutans was found most frequently, and S. sobrinus and S. gordonii were relatively infrequently detected. It was noted that S. sobrinus was found in the plaque samples from S. mutans-positive subjects. The percentages of subjects with S. mutans- and S. anginosus-positive increased with age, while the percentage of subjects with S. sanguinis-positive decreased. Furthermore, the subject-based analysis noted a positive correlation between S. mutans colonization and the caries score. The present findings of the cross-sectional study using the developed highly sensitive species-specific PCR assays therefore indicated that numerous oral streptococcal species including mutans streptococci were able to colonize quite early in childhood with plaque development, and thereafter the proportional change of the increase of S. mutans and S. anginosus and the decrease of S. sanguinis was able to occur with age. Furthermore, S. mutans was the predominant species that correlated with caries prevalence in children, regardless of age.

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