Effect of Enamel Matrix Proteins-composite of Hydroxyapatite on Bone Regeneration in Experimental Bone Defects of Aged Rabbits

DOI 18 References
  • KUBOYAMA Noboru
    Department of Oral Molecular Pharmacology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo Research Institute of Oral Science, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo
  • KIBA Hideo
    Department of Oral Pathology, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo Research Institute of Oral Science, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo
  • HAYAKAWA Mitsuo
    Department of Chemistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo Research Institute of Oral Science, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo
  • ISHIZAKI Tsutomu
    Kanto-Koshinetsu Branch (Sangi Company)
  • NISHIYAMA Norihiro
    Department of Dental Biomaterials, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo Research Institute of Oral Science, Nihon University School of Dentistry at Matsudo

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  • 老齢ウサギの実験的骨欠損に対するエナメル基質タンパク-ハイドロキシ アパタイト複合体の骨再生効果

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Abstract

Objective: Enamel Matrix Derivative (EMDOGEIN, EMD), as porcine-derived enamel matrix proteins, has been reported to promote regeneration of periodontal tissue. In this study, we implanted the porous hydroxyapatite (HAp) carrier with EMD/propylene glycol alginate (PGA) gel into bone defects. The effect of EMD on new bone formation was histologically examined.<br/> Methods: The bone defect (3.5 mm in diameter and 2.5 mm in depth) was prepared at the distal femoral condyles of 2-year-old rabbits. The cylindrical HAp carrier (diameter: 3.0 mm, height: 2.0 mm) had pierced straight holes whose pore size was 375 μm in diameter. We held the EMD/PGA gel and PGA gel in the straight holes of the HAp structure and implanted these HAp carriers into the bone defect. The animals were randomly divided into 4 groups: only bone defects sham operation group, HAp alone, HAp＋PGA group, and HAp＋EMD/PGA group. The rabbits were sacrificed at 2 and 8 weeks after implantation, and the femur bones were then extracted. The extracted femur bone tissue was decalcified and was then embedded in paraffin. The cross-section of the demineralized sample was stained with hematoxylin-eosin or azan staining, and histological observations of the stained samples were performed. The contact ratio of newly formed bone to the HAp surface was determined, and the thickness of new bone formed at the surrounding of the HAp carrier was measured.<br/> Results: The new bone was formed along the HAp surface. The contact ratio of the new bone to the HAp surface and the width of the new bone formed at the HAp carrier increased by increasing the implanted period from 2 to 8 weeks. Furthermore, the regenerated osteoid tissues were replaced with the mineralized bone by remodeling at 8 weeks. However, no significant difference was observed among the three experimental groups. The application of EMD/PGA gel accelerated the production of fibrous tissue.<br/> Conclusion: The application of the EMD allowed for the growth of fibroblast and the EMD appears to exert an influence on cells, which is compatible with improved wound healing.

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