EVALUATION OF THREE BACTERIA DETECTION SYSTEMS FOR CONTAMINATION OF APHERESIS PLATELETS

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  • 細菌を接種した血小板製剤における３種類の細菌検出システムの評価

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Abstract

Background: In Japan, all platelet products are provided as single donor apheresis platelets (SDPs), and the storage period is limited to a maximum of 72 hours due to the possibility of bacterial contamination. In several countries, however, extension of storage to 5 to 7 days has been implemented with routine bacterial testing. Two culture methods, BacT/ALERT® and eBDS®, and one direct bacterial detection method, Scansystem™, were studied to evaluate their performance and detection sensitivity for contaminated platelets.<br>Study design and methods: Twelve freshly collected leukocyte-reduced SDPs were spiked with one of four bacteria species, Serratia liquefaciens, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Bacillus cereus, Propionibacterium acnes (each n=3), at a concentration of 10 colony forming units (cfu)/ml. After inoculation, SDPs were stored for 7 days under standard conditions. Samples were taken every 24 hours until positive results with each detection system were obtained.<br>Results: One sample spiked with Serratia liquefaciens and obtained at 24 hours showed false-negative results with all detection systems. Detection sensitivity of aerobic bacterial species was almost the same between BacT/ALERT® and eBDS® (≤10 cfu/mL). Only anaerobic culture bottles with the BacT/ALERT® system detected Propionibacterium acnes, but the mean detection time was 3.2 days. As the total test time for Scansystem™ is 70 minutes, it showed an advantage for the detection of rapidly growing bacteria.<br>Conclusion: Although bacterial screening methods effectively contribute to reducing transfusion-transmitted infections, attention should be paid to possible false-negative results, and their dependence on sampling time. With implementation of bacterial testing, it is essential for platelet shelf-life extension because platelet products will have to be held inventory one or two more days. Strategies to maintain high platelet efficacy for longer periods should be considered at the same time.

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