移植医療におけるビーズアレイ（Luminex）の応用

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  • Application of beads array in the transplantation medicine

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<p>The transplantation medicine is divided two categories, one is the organ transplantation, and the other is hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). The discovery of HLA in the 1950s was one of the most important new findings in the area of transplantation. In organ transplantation, HLA alloantibodies (Abs) are associated with chronic rejection and poorer graft survival. The most important research is to find out the immunodominant HLA antibodies and the strength of it. On the other hand, in HSCT, the key factor is the matching of histocompatibility antigens. The matching high resolution level of HLA between donor and recipient lead an improvement of recipient’s survival. Luminex technology is a new flow cytometry dual-laser system enabling us to analyze numerous reactions in a tube or well. It is a multiplexed data acquisition and analysis platform of microbeads-based assays that performs simultaneous measurements of up to 100 different analyses. In the histocompatibility field, individual sets of beads are modified with reactive components such as antigens in order to perform HLA antibodies identification or with oligonucleotides in order to perform HLA typing after reverse PCR-SSO. Thus beads are the equivalent of a panel of HLA typed lymphocytes (for panel reactive antibodies determination and antibody identification) or equivalent to a large set of probes selected to assign HLA typing. This genotyping method allows to define the HLA alleles at the four-digital level with a frequency of more than 0.1% in the Japanese population. The HLA antibodies detection system by using the luminex technique has recently been noted to be more sensitive than other procedures.</p>

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