Arsenic Pollution in Groundwater of Vietnam and Cambodia: A Review

  • Agusa Tetsuro
    Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University
  • Kubota Reiji
    National Institute of Health Sciences
  • Kunito Takashi
    Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Shinshu University
  • Minh Tu Binh
    Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University
  • Trang Pham Thi Kim
    Center for Environmental Technology and Sustainable Development (CETASD), Hanoi University of Science
  • Chamnan Chhoun
    Inland Fisheries Research and Development Institute (IFReDe), Department of Fisheries
  • Iwata Hisato
    Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University
  • Viet Pham Hung
    Center for Environmental Technology and Sustainable Development (CETASD), Hanoi University of Science
  • Tana Touch Seang
    Social and Cultural Observation Unit (OBSES), Office of the Council of Ministers
  • Tanabe Shinsuke
    Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University

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抄録

Recently, As pollution was reported in groundwater from the Red River delta of Northern Vietnam and the Mekong delta of Southern Vietnam and Cambodia. Although the health of about 10 million people is at risk from the drinking tube well water, little information is available on the health effects of As exposure in the residents of these regions. Also, the countrywide survey on regional distribution of As pollution has not been conducted in these countries. At present, as far as we know, symptoms of chronic As exposure have not yet been reported, probably due to the relative short-term usage of the tube wells in the regions. However, oxidative DNA damage was observed in the residents of Cambodia and so further continuous usage of the tube well might cause severe damage to the health of the residents. In this article, we review literature concerning As pollution of groundwater and its health effects on residents in Vietnam and Cambodia. The mechanisms of As release to the groundwater is also discussed.

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