古代青銅鏡の腐食層内に潜伏する微生物の検出とその同定

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  • Detection and Identification of the Latent Microorganisms in the Corrosion Layers of Ancient Bronze Mirrors
  • コダイ セイドウキョウ ノ フショクソウナイ ニ センプクスル ビセイブツ ノ ケンシュツ ト ソノ ドウテイ

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  On an ancient bronze mirror, we carried out a scanning electron microscopic (SEM) examination of fractured corrosion layers, a biological microscopic observation of a gram-stained sample and DNA analyses of the samples removed from corroded sites.<br>    From these scientific and technical researches, we obtained the following results.<br>    Fine particles about 2 μm in length were confirmed in the corrosion layer by the SEM observation. Microorganisms of the same size were observed in the gram-stained sample removed from the corrosion layer through a biological microscope. From these results, fine particles observed under the SEM should be considered as microorganisms. A lot of fine particles were confirmed especially in the corroded sites by the SEM observation. So (certain kinds of) microorganisms may have played a role in the corrosion (deterioration) of the ancient bronze mirrors while the mirrors were buried in soil.<br>    From the base sequences obtained by DGGE analysis, two kinds of microorganisms were confirmed to exist in the corrosion layer of the ancient bronze mirror. One is 97.4% homologous to the 16S rDNA of the uncultured bacterium (Accession number: AY 053488). It was also highly homologous to the sequence derived from the 16S rDNA of the Xanthomonadaceae family such as Stenotrophomonas and Xanthomona. That is, the sequence is derived from a strain belonging to the Xanthomonadaceae family. The other base sequence is 97.4% homologous to the 16S rDNA of the Bacteroidales order such as uncultured Bacteroidales bacterium (Accession number: AY 859647). That is, the sequence is derived from a strain belonging to the Bacteroidales order.<br>    Genes of microorganisms, presumed to belong to the Acetobacter, Gluconacetobacter genuses and Fe(III)-reducing bacterium, Shewanella algae were detected from the base sequence analysis by cloning.<br>    From the results above, microbial activity is assumed to be high around the ancient bronze mirrors. The corrosion mechanism of bronze mirrors seems complicated, but a several types of microbes which possibly corrode bronze mirrors were verified.<br>

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  • 日本金属学会誌

    日本金属学会誌 72 (2), 111-116, 2008

    公益社団法人 日本金属学会

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