Impact of agrometeorological variables on nitrogen uptake and crude protein content of wheat under different planting and sowing environments

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  • KHICHAR M.L.
    Department of Agricultural Meteorology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University
  • NIWAS Ram
    Department of Agricultural Meteorology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University
  • BEHL Rishi Kumar
    Department of Plant Breeding, CCS Haryana Agricultural University

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A field experiment was conducted in split plot design with four replications at Research Farm of CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India during two consecutive years (2002-03 and 2003-04) to evaluate impact of agrometerological variables on nitrogen uptake and crude protein content in wheat. The experiment comprised of twelve treatments: two dates of sowing; D1-20th November and D2-20th December and two planting systems; P1-Flat bed and P2-Furrow irrigated raised bed planting system in main plot and three nitrogen levels; N1-120, N2-150 and N3-180 Kg N/ha in sub plots. Agrometeorological indices: heat unit, absorbed photosynthetically active radiation, heat and radiation use efficiencies, vapour pressure deficit were computed at different phenophases. Nitrogen uptake, crude protein content in grain and biomass were estimated in all the treatments. Nitrogen uptake was minimum at tillering and maximum at maturity in all the treatments during both years. It was higher at all the growth stages: tillering, jointing, booting, anthesis, milking and physiological maturity in 20th November sown wheat crop as compared to 20th December sown in both years. The nitrogen uptake at different stages was marginally higher under flat bed planting system as compared to furrow irrigated raised bed planting system. However, the nitrogen content was numerically higher under furrow irrigated raised bed planting system than that of flat bed sowing. The progressive increase in nitrogen levels 120 to 180 kg ha-1 had significantly enhanced the N uptake in grains of wheat in both the years. The crop season had a strong effect on the interaction among various variables. The interaction between sowing date and nitrogen levels for nitrogen uptake in grains and interactions between D &time; N and among D &time; P &time; N for grain yield were significant only in first year. A multiple regression equation was developed for estimation of nitrogen uptake using agronomic traits and agrometeorological indices. Variability in nitrogen uptake was explained by radiation use efficiency and heat units during milking and vapour pressure deficit during physiological maturity to the maximum extent up to 98 percent. It is suggested that agrometerological parameters should be considered for sustainable wheat production through precision agriculture.

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  • Tropics

    Tropics 17 (3), 185-191, 2008

    日本熱帯生態学会

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