Application of In Situ Hybridization to Tissue Sections for Identification of Molds Causing Invasive Fungal Infection

  • Shinozaki Minoru
    Department of Surgical Pathology, Toho University School of Medicine,6-11-1 Omori-Nishi, Ota-Ku, Tokyo143-8541, Japan
  • Okubo Yoichiro
    Department of Surgical Pathology, Toho University School of Medicine,6-11-1 Omori-Nishi, Ota-Ku, Tokyo143-8541, Japan
  • Nakayama Haruo
    Department of Surgical Pathology, Toho University School of Medicine,6-11-1 Omori-Nishi, Ota-Ku, Tokyo143-8541, Japan
  • Mitsuda Aki
    Department of Surgical Pathology, Toho University School of Medicine,6-11-1 Omori-Nishi, Ota-Ku, Tokyo143-8541, Japan
  • Ide Tadashi
    Department of Surgical Pathology, Toho University School of Medicine,6-11-1 Omori-Nishi, Ota-Ku, Tokyo143-8541, Japan
  • Yamagata Murayama Somay
    Laboratory of Molecular Epidemiology for Infectious Agents,Graduate School of Infection Control Sciences & Kitasato Institute for Life Sciences Kitasato University,5-9-1 Shirokane, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8641, Japan
  • Shibuya Kazutoshi
    Department of Surgical Pathology, Toho University School of Medicine,6-11-1 Omori-Nishi, Ota-Ku, Tokyo143-8541, Japan

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The present article describes our studies to know the usefulness of in situ hybridization (ISH) to identify various kinds of mold observed in tissue sections and ⁄ or cytological preparations from the lesions of patients with invasive fungal infection. To establish the precise procedure for ISH in formalin – fixed and paraffin-embedded sections, various pretreatments were attempted. The condition finally chosen is written here providing a favorable outcome regarding to both intensity and specificity of signals on outline of molds observed in the tissue sections when specimens were treated with both heat and proteinase K and, solutions were adjusted to higher pH value.<BR>Therefore, usefulness of promising probes, two each DNA and peptide nucleic acid (PNA) were verified with a favorable pretreatment condition, using lungs of mice experimentally infected and ⁄ or those obtained from autopsies with invasive mold infection. As the result, DNA probes targeting alkaline proteinase (ALP) gene and retrotransposon Afut – 1 gene of Aspergillus fumigatus showed specific signal intensity for the Aspergillus species and A. fumigatus, respectively. PNA probes for Candida albicans and the Fusarium species also showed satisfactory specificity. We wish to emphasize that ISH can be a valuable tool to identify medically important molds in formalin – fixed and paraffin – embedded tissue sections or cytological preparations.

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