Factors affecting carcass composition and simple technique for the evaluation of carcass composition in Japanese Black cattle

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  • NADE Toshihiro
    Department of Animal Science, Nippon Veterinary Life Science University

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  • 黒毛和種の枝肉構成に影響を及ぼす要因と枝肉構成の簡易評価技術
  • クロゲ ワシュ ノ エダニク コウセイ ニ エイキョウ オ オヨボス ヨウイン ト エダニク コウセイ ノ カンイ ヒョウカ ギジュツ

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Abstract

The carcass from Japanese Black cattle has recently become heavier, and the Japanese Black cattle have improved meat quantity as well as meat quality. It is necessary to improve the meat quality and carcass composition of beef cattle in Japan. This review describes a genetic effect, a simple technique for estimating the carcass composition, and a technique for evaluating the carcass composition of live animals in the future. The characteristics of the carcass composition differ among some breeds in Japan. Japanese Black steer has a larger rib-eye area and thicker rib thickness than those of the Holstein. The muscle and fat of the Japanese Black steer grow through the fattening period. Feed management has less effect on bone tissue which has the highest growth rate early in life, with little muscle. The difference in the feed management did not influence bone weight whose maximum growth occurred in an early stage, slight influences was shown in muscle weight that had the maximum growth in a middle stage, and large influence appeared in the fat with a late maximum growth. In addition, when month old shipments are extended, it showed that the fat increased more than the muscles in the carcass. For the simple estimated technique of the carcass composition, it showed that the estimated accuracy was improved by taking the image information concerning the carcass weight and fat of the carcass cross-section from some previous results. Moreover, it was necessary to examine each breed and sex individually in order to estimate carcass composition more accurately. The carcass composition in a live animal could be estimated using the body weight and other information, such as the fat thickness and muscle area, etc, using an ultrasonic measurement technique. Estimating the carcass composition with a high accuracy by the technique which combines the ultrasonic measurement technique, etc, in the live animal and the estimating technique of the carcass composition in the future becomes possible. Also, the breeding improvement concerning the carcass composition of the beef cattle and the improvement of the breeding management technique will be more efficiently advanced. Furthermore, research on the carcass composition should continue to be studied using the timely beef cattle and carcass for improvement of the breed and feed management with more accurate data.

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