Development of a Novel Mouse Anaphylaxis Model Produced by Intermittent Intravenous Injections of Ovalbumin without Adjuvant

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This study was performed to develop mouse anaphylaxis model using ovalbumin (OA) as an antigen, with no adjuvant, and an intravenous route of administration. OA at dose levels from 0.5 to 500 mg/kg was injected 3 times into the tail vein of female CD-1 (ICR) mice at 4-day intervals. Clinical signs and extravasation of Evans blue dye (vascular permeability) were observed, serum histamine levels and airway resistance were measured, and histopathological examinations were performed. Furthermore, to detect serum IgE and IgG, heterologous and homologous passive cutaneous anaphylaxis tests were performed. Additionally, strain differences in susceptibility to OA anaphylaxis was examined with 3 mouse strains: ICR, BALB/c and C57BL/6 mice. Shortly after the 3rd injection, most of the animals exhibited systemic anaphylactic signs including death, and this was accompanied by increases in vascular permeability, plasma histamine levels, and airway resistance. Four days after the 2nd injection, anti-OA IgE and IgG were detected in sera of mice injected with 0.5 and 5.0 mg/kg or higher doses of OA, respectively. Histological findings included: congestion in many tissues; detachment of mucosal epithelial cells in the gastrointestinal tract; enhanced death, decreased numbers of lymphocytes, and increased numbers of macrophages in the lymphoid tissues. ICR mice were shown to be most susceptible to the OA anaphylaxis of the 3 mouse strains examined. In conclusion, the results demonstrate that 3 intermittent intravenous injections of OA without adjuvant at 4-day intervals can induce anaphylactic shock in mice, in particular, most effectively in ICR mice, and that the anaphylaxis is characterized by specific IgE and IgG production. <br>

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