Genotyping of the Q locus in wheat by a simple PCR-RFLP method

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  • Asakura Nobuaki
    Laboratory of Biology, Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University
  • Mori Naoki
    Laboratory of Plant Genetics, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University
  • Nakamura Chiharu
    Laboratory of Plant Genetics, Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Kobe University
  • Ohtsuka Ichiro
    Laboratory of Biology, Faculty of Engineering, Kanagawa University

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The Q locus located on the long arm of chromosome 5A is a key factor in evolution and widespread cultivation of domesticated wheat. The Q locus pleiotropically affects many agronomically important traits including threshability, glume shape and tenacity, rachis fragility and others. Genotyping of the Q locus based on the complex traits is ambiguous due to their multi-genetic control through interactions with the Q locus. To determine the Q locus genotype of wheat accessions possessing A genome, we developed a method based on polymerase chain reaction – restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis. The Q and q alleles were clearly distinguished by PCR-RFLP analysis at six conserved single nucleotide polymorphisms in common wheat and wild and cultivated einkorn, emmer and timopheevi wheat. The Q locus genotype of Triticum sinskajae, which is one of the einkorn wheat species and exhibits free-threshing trait, was determined to be qq as expected. This simple PCR-RLFP-based genotyping method should serve as a useful tool in studying the origin of Q and thus wheat evolution after domestication and the following widespread cultivation.<br>

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