Roles of Pseudomonas aeruginosa Autoinducers and their Degradation Products, Tetramic acids, in Bacterial Survival and Behavior in Ecological Niches

  • Hosono Honda Natsue
    Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Toho University School of Medicine
  • Kimura Soichiro
    Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Toho University School of Medicine
  • Tateda Kazuhiro
    Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Toho University School of Medicine
  • Horikawa Manabu
    Suntory Insutitute for Bioorganic Research
  • Ueda Chihiro
    Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Toho University School of Medicine
  • Ishii Yoshikazu
    Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Toho University School of Medicine
  • Ishiguro Masaji
    Suntory Insutitute for Bioorganic Research
  • Miyairi Shinichi
    Nihon University College of Pharmacy, Laboratory of Bio-organic Chemistry
  • Yamaguchi Keizo
    Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Toho University School of Medicine

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an opportunistic pathogen, is known to mainly use N-acylhomoserine lactones (AHLs) as autoinducers. Recent progress in this field demonstrated that not only AHLs, but also their degradation products, tetramic acids, may have some biological activities. The present study examined the roles of Pseudomonas autoinducers and tetramic acids in bacterial survival and behavior in ecological niches. P. aeruginosa autoinducers and the tetramic acid derivatives were chemically synthesized, and the structure-activity correlation was investigated. Some tetramic acids derived from AHLs caused a significant reduction in the viability of P. aeruginosa in a concentration dependent manner (30-300 μM). The smaller the inoculum of bacteria, the stronger the bactericidal activity that was observed. The data from tetramic acid derivatives indicated the keto-enol structure of tetramic acid to be critical for the antibacterial activity. Exogenous tetramic acid did not induce significant changes in the formation of biofilm or production of exoproducts such as pyocyanin and elastase. Tetramic acid and disinfectants acted synergistically to kill P. aeruginosa. These results suggest the AHL-degradation product tetramic acid to be useful for bacterial control.<br>

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