チュウゴク セイブ チク ノ コウギョウ オセン ト カンキョウ タイサク

竹歳, 一紀, Taketoshi, Kazuki

In China’s Western Region, where the economic development is relatively behind of other regions, environmental pollution and ecological degradation have been serious issues, while the Chinese government promotes the “Great Western Development” project. Although enterprises in the Western Region have taken environmental measures in response to environmental policies of national and local governments, they still have financial and technical problems to implement sufficient projects in order to prevent environmental pollution. The purposes of this paper are to show the situation of economic development and discharged pollutants in the Western Region, and to clarify the amounts and determinants of environmental investment of industrial enterprises in this region. For these purposes, a questionnaire survey is analyzed in addition to provincial data. The provincial data in “China Environmental Yearbook” show that the discharged COD and SO２ per ten thousand yuan of gross industrial output value are more in this region than other regions. Also, they have been increasing gradually since 1995, while they are decreasing in other regions. The gap in investment in pollution treatment facilities per an enterprise has been widening between the Western Region and the others. The analysis of the questionnaire survey provides the following results. First, large scale of enterprises, high capital-labor ratio, and a large amount of pollution charge payment are the determinants of an investment in waste water treatment facilities. Second, the amount of investment in waste water treatment facilities is not affected by the above factors but affected by the volume of discharged waste water. Third, more than one third of the responding enterprises do not invest at all in waste water treatment facilities for the three years from 1998 to 2000, and most of the amounts of investment are less than one million yuan. Fourth, investment in waste water treatment facilities clearly decreases discharged COD on average. Fifth, investment in waste gas treatment facilities is only affected by the volume of discharged gas. Although they are advanced in some large enterprises, environmental measures are not sufficiently taken in most of small and medium enterprises in this region. This is a major reason why industrial pollution is getting serious in the Western Region. Policies should focus on this issue immediately to prevent spreading pollution.

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KJ00000155020

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チュウゴクセイブチクノコウギョウオセントカンキョウタイサク

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