光波側距による大気境界層変動と草薙断層・麻機断層の活動監視

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  • コウハ ソッキョ ニ ヨル タイキ キョウカイソウ ヘンドウ ト クサナギ ダンソウ アサバタ ダンソウ ノ カツドウ カンシ
  • Monitoring on the atmospheric boundary layer and activity of the Kusanagi and Asabata faults with laser ranging

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Automatic laser ranging is continuing to monitor the atmospheric boundary layer and the activity of the active Kusanagi and Asabata faults along the laser paths from the Crustal Activity Observatory of Shizuoka University to Yatsuyama, Yambara, Torisaka and Shizuhata. The temperature of the laser path calculated based on the assumption of constant distance of the laser path is used for the analysis on the diurnal and seasonal changes in the air temperature of the laser path. The median position of laser intensity curve with the stepwise vertical directional adjustment relates to the air temperature difference of the laser path and surface, consistent with the relation of temperature gradient and curvature of the laser path. The laser intensity curves have usually multiple peaks and their relative height and positions change diurnally and seasonally. The multiple peaks represent existence of multiple courses of the laser path relating to total reflections, caused by the non-uniform temperature gradient around the laser path. The surface temperature rises rapidly in insolate heat up stage after sunrise, and then the speed decreases in insolate heating stage. The laser path temperature decreases significantly in insolate heating stage. The abnormal low-temperature of laser path before noon represents crossing of cool air mass in a part of convection system induced by the insulation. The upper limit of the standard error on the laser path temperature for ten repeated measurements, the time zone, and the peak position of ranging on the laser intensity curve without influence of diurnal and seasonal changes are selected for monitoring the distance of the laser path. The distance varied in the order of several cm, and the relation with the change of tilt at Crustal Activity Observatory of Shizuoka University indicates that the distance change is related with the gravitational collapse along the Kusanagi and Asabata faults. The distance change is related with the balance in the accumulation of dislocation along the eastern and western margin of the Philippine Sea Plate. The distance extended after Taiwan Earthquake of Magnitude 7.7 at 1999 September and the behavior of the changes deformed into sawteeth shape. The eruption of Miyakejima and earthquakes around Niijima-Kozushima in July 2000 happened at the maximum extended stage in the saw-teeth shaped change.Earthquakes around Niijima-Kozushima and south Kanto Area relate with the shortening of the distance. Earthquakes in the central and southwestern part of Honshu Island happened at the shortening stages.

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