Enhanced Mass Transfer in Peritoneal Dialysis with Application of Ultrasound

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Peritoneal dialysis is one of several renal replacement therapies for kidney disease patients. The authors applied ultrasound to enhance the rate of peritoneal mass transfer. In vitro permeation experiments were performed with the parietal peritoneum taken from a rabbit. A small piece of the peritoneum had been set between the donor and receptor compartments of a membrane permeation system, which was completely submerged in a water bath of an ultrasonic cleaner. Experiments were performed with or without application of ultrasound. Average rates of enhancement were 160 and 150% for creatinine by application of ultrasound of 28 and 45kHz, respectively. These findings implied that the application of ultrasound should directly change the permeability of the parietal peritoneum. In vivo experiments were also performed with rabbits placed in a water bath of a large ultrasonic cleaner under anesthesia. Rates of peritoneal transport in vivo for urea and creatinine were also enhanced to 159,113,and 83% for urea and were 149,112,and 94% for creatinine (n=3) on the average with application of ultrasound of 28,45,and 100kHz, respectively. No significant change in ultrafiltration, however, was found between the results with ultrasound and those without ultrasound, which may suggest that the ultrasound possibly increase the local blood flow rate that could increase the net ultrafiltration.

Peritoneal dialysis is one of several renal replacement therapies for kidney disease patients. The authors applied ultrasound to enhance the rate of peritoneal mass transfer. In vitro permeation experiments were performed with the parietal peritoneum taken from a rabbit. A small piece of the peritoneum had been set between the donor and receptor compartments of a membrane permeation system, which was completely submerged in a water bath of an ultrasonic cleaner. Experiments were performed with or without application of ultrasound. Average rates of enhancement were 160 and 150% for creatinine by application of ultrasound of 28 and 45kHz, respectively. These findings implied that the application of ultrasound should directly change the permeability of the parietal peritoneum. In vivo experiments were also performed with rabbits placed in a water bath of a large ultrasonic cleaner under anesthesia. Rates of peritoneal transport in vivo for urea and creatinine were also enhanced to 159,113,and 83% for urea and were 149,112,and 94% for creatinine (n=3) on the average with application of ultrasound of 28,45,and 100kHz, respectively. No significant change in ultrafiltration, however, was found between the results with ultrasound and those without ultrasound, which may suggest that the ultrasound possibly increase the local blood flow rate that could increase the net ultrafiltration.

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