「人種暴動」の国際社会学・序説

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  • A Preface on The Transnational Sociology of "Race Riots"
  • カイガイ ドウコウ ジンシュ ボウドウ ノ コクサイ シャカイガク ジョセツ

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During the spring and summer of 2001, serious "race riots" happened in cities of Northern England, Britain. In this article, actual "riots" in Bradford, Oldham and Burnley will be described, and what the problems of the "riots" are, viewed from the perspective of transnational sociology, will be explored. First of all, "race riots" are understood as a physical and economic problem because they bring about a huge amount of physical and economic damage. This physical aspect of the "riots" is accompanied by a much deeper emotional challenge to the "self-evident" and accepted norms of British society. In particular, the norm of diversity and tolerance concerning immigrants and Ethnic Minorities has become unsettled, and the nationalistic norm of excluding immigrants and Ethnic Minorities has been empowered, due to the "riots". What could be equated as a problem of the unsettled nature of social norms, will be viewed through the lense of transnational sociology which sees this as a problem of choosing a citizenship model as an alternative to the nation-state model. The "race riots" unsettled multicultural model of citizenship and put pressure on British society to backrush toward nation-state model based on the norm of assimilation and intolerance. In the aftermath of the "riots", the British Home Office Secretary David Blunkett proposed citizenship policy which clearly shows a return to the nation-state model clearly. The problematique of the "race riots" goes beyond physical and economic categories. In terms of transnational sociology, a new focus is needed, since the symbolic aspect of the "race riots", brought about by the unsettled nature of the multicultural model of citizenship, induced the participants in British society to be involved in the process of recreating the citizenship model as the social norm.

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