集約的農業地域・奄美群島沖永良部島における地下水への農薬混入 Pesticide Contamination in Groundwater on Okinoerabu Island, an Intensive Agricultural District in Japan
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永良部島は日本の南西諸島における典型的な農業地域の一つである．同島の北東半分を占める和泊町においては，花き栽培などの集約的農業のために土地面積当たりの農薬消費量が日本全国の平均の3倍以上に達している．同島において，33地点の115の地下水サンプルの中の混入農薬（フェニトロチオン，ダイアジノン，プロチオホス，キャプタン）を分析した．8地点の15サンプルからこれら4種の農薬のうちいずれかが検出された．この結果は，日本においてもゴルフ場ばかりでなく集約的な農業のために施用される農業によって地下水が汚染される場合があることを示している．キャプタンは，分析した農薬の中でも最も消費量が多いものであったが，2サンプルからのみ検出された．これら2サンプルは，集約的な花き栽培がより盛んな同町北東部からのものであった．フェニトロチオンとダイアジノンは年間を通じて様々な地点から検出された．さらに，同町におけるこれら2種の農薬の消費量は異なる季節変動を示すにもかかわらず，最も汚染されていた地点の一つについて，これら2種の農薬の検出濃度の比は毎回ほぼ一定であった．このことから，これらの農業は同島の地下水に比較的緩慢かつ継続的に浸透していくことが示唆される．Okinoerabu Island is one of the typical agricultural districts in Southwest Islands of Japan. More than three times as much pesticides as the nationwide average are consumed on each unit area of land for floriculture and other intensive agricultures in Wadomari-town, on the northeast half of this island. The contamination with pesticides (fenitrotion, diazinon, prothiofos and captan) in 115 groundwater samples at 33 locations on this island were determined. Fifteen samples at eight locations were found to contain some of these four pesticides. This result indicates that the groundwater can be polluted by pesticides used for intensive agricultures. Among the four analysed pesticides, the amount of captan used was the greatest in Wadomari-town. However, it was found in only two groundwater samples. These are located in the northeast part of this town, where the intensive floriculture is more extensive. The contaminations with fenitrotion and diazinon were detected in the samples from various locations throughout all seasons. In addition, the ratio between the concentrations of these two pesticides in the samples from one significantly polluted point did not vary fundamentally whenever they were detected. This result suggests that these pesticides penetrate to the groundwater rather constantly and slowly in this island.
Okinoerabu Island is one of the typical agricultural districts in Southwest Islands of Japan. More than three times as much pesticides as the nationwide average are consumed on each unit area of land for floriculture and other intensive agricultures in Wadomari-town, on the northeast half of this island. The contamination with pesticides (fenitrotion, diazinon, prothiofos and captan) in 115 groundwater samples at 33 locations on this island were determined. Fifteen samples at eight locations were found to contain some of these four pesticides. This result indicates that the groundwater can be polluted by pesticides used for intensive agricultures. Among the four analysed pesticides, the amount of captan used was the greatest in Wadomari-town. However, it was found in only two groundwater samples. These are located in the northeast part of this town, where the intensive floriculture is more extensive. The contaminations with fenitrotion and diazinon were detected in the samples from various locations throughout all seasons. In addition, the ratio between the concentrations of these two pesticides in the samples from one significantly polluted point did not vary fundamentally whenever they were detected. This result suggests that these pesticides penetrate to the groundwater rather constantly and slowly in this island.
収録刊行物
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- 日本作物學會紀事
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日本作物學會紀事 65(1), 77-86, 1996-03-01
日本作物学会