ブルーベリーの促成栽培におけるマルハナバチの利用と品種選択(栽培管理・作型)  [in Japanese] Efficiency of Bumble Bees (Bombus (Bombus) terrestris L.) as Pollinators and Cultivar Selection of Blueberries for Forcing Culture(Crop Production & Cropping Type)  [in Japanese]

促成ブルーベリーにおけるマルハナバチの有効性や促成開始時期と収穫時期との関連を調査し,早期栽培に有効な品種の選択を試みた.促成栽培により開花日や収穫期が早くなり,またマルハナバチ放飼により,結果率は高くなった.ただし,品種や促成開始時期の違いにより,結果率に差が認められた.GA_3処理は'Northland'より'Tifblue'において結果率の向上に効果が認められた.しかし,GA_3処理区はマルハナバチ放飼区に比較し,収穫期が遅延し,果粒重も劣った.2月下旬からの促成栽培において,ノーザンハイブッシュブルーベリーおよびハーフハイブルーベリーの極早生から中生品種は,5月に収穫が可能であり,促成栽培に利用できると考えられる.なおその場合,マルハナバチは花粉媒介昆虫として有効であることが示唆された.

This study was investigated to clarify the efficiency of bumble bees (Bombus (Bombus) terrestris) as pollinators, and the cultivar selection of blueberries for forcing culture. The flowering and harvesting dates were accelerated by heating cultivation, and the percentages of berry sets were improved by pollination with bumble bees. However, the difference in the berry set percentage was caused by cultivars and forcing time. The percentage of berry set was increased in 'Tifblue' but not in 'Northland' by GA treatment. However, this treatment caused retardation of the harvesting period and produced lightweight berries. While forcing culture from late February, very early to medium ripening cultivars of northern highbush or half-high blueberries were usable as they could be harvested during May. It was also indicated that bumble bees were very efficient pollinators of blueberries.