フキ交雑系統の生育・品質における雌雄間差(栽培管理・作型)  [in Japanese] Differences between Male and Female Plants in the Growth, Development and Quality on Hybrid Plants of Japanese Butterbur (Petasites japonicus Fr. Schmidt)(Crop Production & Cropping Type)  [in Japanese]

1.群馬県在来'水ブキ'×'八ツ頭'と群馬県在来'水ブキ'×'系統4'の交雑系統ともに, 雄株は, 花穂の収穫量が雌株より優った.しかし, 雄株は雌株より, 花穂の苞が開きやすく, 商品価値の劣る花穂が多かった.2.両交雑系統ともに, 雌株は雄株より, 花穂のしまりは良い傾向を示した.さらに, 雌株は雄株より, 耐寒性が高く, 凍害を受けにくいと考えられた.3.群馬県在来'水ブキ'×'八ツ頭'と群馬県在来'水ブキ'×'系統4'の交雑系統から花穂需要期の2月に収穫する品種を育成するには, 苞の開いていない花穂の収量性および品質面から判断すると, 交雑系統の雌株から選抜した方が有利であると考えられた.4.群馬県在来'水ブキ'×'八ツ頭'の交雑系統において, 葉柄の収穫量および品質では差が認められなかった.この交雑系統から葉柄を収穫目的とした品種を育成するには, 雌雄の違いはあまり関係ないと考えられた.

The differences between male and female plants in the growth, development and quality of Japanese butterbur hybrids were investigated. Regarding total spike yield, male plants were superior to female plants from 'Mizubuki'(Gunma)×'Yatsugashira' and 'Mizubuki'(Gunma)×'Line 4'. However, bracts of male plants began to open earlier than those of female plants, and the marketable yield of male plants remarkably fell due to the openning bracts in February when spikes of Japanese butterbur were in demand. However, since bracts of female plants began to open later than those of male plants, marketable yield from female plants was higher in February. Female plants showed superior in the cold hardiness of spikes compared to that shown by male plants. Furthermore, spikes of female plants were tighter than those of male plants. These results suggested that female plants were more desirable than male plants for selecting a new cultivar for harvesting spikes from hybrid plants of 'Mizubuki'(Gunma)×'Yatsugashira' and 'Mizubuki'(Gunma)×'Line 4' in February. Although differences were seen in length and diameter of a petiole, there were no differences in the number of petioles, yield and quality of petioles between male and female plants from 'Mizubuki'(Gunma)×'Yatsugashira'. It suggested that gender was not much related in selecting a new cultivar for harvesting petioles from hybrid plants of 'Mizubuki'(Gunma)×'Yatsugashira'.