Bumblebee Pollinators and Pollination Ecotypes of <i>Isodon umbrosus</i> and <i>I. shikokianus</i> (Lamiaceae)

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  • Bumblebee Pollinators and Pollination Ecotypes of Isodon umbrosus and I. shikokianus (Lamiaceae) :

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<jats:p><jats:bold>Abstract</jats:bold> Morphological and geographical correspondence of floral variants of <jats:italic>Isodon</jats:italic> to their pollinating bumblebees shows that the selection pressure exerted through the glossa lengths has resulted in differentiation of three pollination ecotypes of <jats:italic>Isodon umbrosus</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>I. shikokianus</jats:italic>. The first was pollinated by long‐tongued <jats:italic>Bombus diversus</jats:italic>. It includes <jats:italic>I. umbrosus</jats:italic> var. <jats:italic>excisinflexus</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>I. shikokianus</jats:italic> var. <jats:italic>occidentalis</jats:italic> with long corolla tubes (>8 mm). The second type was pollinated by <jats:italic>B. honshuensis</jats:italic>, which has a medium‐sized proboscis, and includes <jats:italic>I. umbrosus</jats:italic> var. <jats:italic>umbrosus</jats:italic>, a part of <jats:italic>I. umbrosus</jats:italic> var. <jats:italic>leucanthus</jats:italic>, var. <jats:italic>komaensis</jats:italic>, and var. <jats:italic>hakusanensis</jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>I. shikokianus</jats:italic> var. <jats:italic>shikokianus</jats:italic> with medium length corolla tubes (6–8 mm). However, <jats:italic>B. honshuensis</jats:italic> was not found on <jats:italic>I. shikokianus</jats:italic> var. <jats:italic>intermedius</jats:italic> of this second type, but <jats:italic>Bombus diversus</jats:italic> thieved nectar from this variety. The third type was pollinated by <jats:italic>B. beaticola</jats:italic>, which has a short glossa, and includes <jats:italic>I. umbrosus</jats:italic> var. <jats:italic>latifolius</jats:italic> and a part of <jats:italic>I. umbrosus</jats:italic> var. <jats:italic>leucanthus</jats:italic> with short corolla tubes (<6 mm). The floral variants that belong to the same pollination ecotype were not distributed sympatrically, while different types (the first type and the second or the third type) are distributed sympatrically.</jats:p>

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