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Abstract
医療用漢方エキス製剤(以下,漢方エキス製剤)の処方動向および問題点の抽出を目的に,首都圏の特定機能病院において使用実態調葦を行った。1994年から1999年までの6年間に発行された漢方エキス製剤を含む79,132枚の処方箋を解析した。調査対象施設では63品目の漢方エキス製剤が採用されていた。年齢別処方動向は,30代から60代の年齢層の患者に多く処方される傾向があり,診療科別では婦人科,内科,皮膚科などで多く処方されていた。方剤別では,柴苓湯,小柴胡湯,大建中湯などの品目が処方件数が多く,上位20品目で全体の84.8%を占めていた。経年的な処方実績を観察することによって,大建中湯,当帰芍薬散の需要が急速にのびていたことが明らかになった。一方,処方量の著しい減少が観察された方剤は,小柴胡湯,人参養栄湯,五苓散,補中益気湯などであった。西洋薬との併用に関しては,96.0%が西洋薬との併用処方であり,医療用医薬品添付文書に記載されている併用注意に該当する併用は1.1%であった。その中では,麻黄含有漢方エキス製剤とキサンチン製剤との併用が多く,特に葛根湯とテオフィリンとの併用が最も多く処方監査の充実や有害作用発現に関するモニターが必要であると考えられた。また,1999/1994比により将来的に必要とされる生薬を調査したところ,芍薬(173.4%),膠飴(149.0%),乾姜(148.7%),山椒(148.7%),牡丹皮(102.0%)などの需要が伸びていた。本調査によって,漢方エキス製剤の使用状況の一端が明らかになったが,今後は急性期および療養型の病床において同様の調査を継続して行うことによって,日本における漢方エキス製剤の使用状況がより明確になると考えられた。
Changes in the prescriptions of Kampo medicines (Sino-Japanese traditional herbal medicines) issued at a university hospital over a six-year period were investigated. Prescriptions including a Kampo medicine (79,132 sheets) issued at Kitasato University Hospital in Kanagawa Prefecture, Japan, over a 6-year period from 1994 to 1999 were analyzed. We found that Kampo medicines were mainly prescribed for patients of ages 30-39 yr and 50-59 yr, and were most frequently prescribed by the department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, followed by Internal Medicine and Dermatology. Ninety-six percent of the prescriptions were combined with modern medicine, and the percentage of Kampo medicines with instructions about its combination with western medicines in the package insert was approximately 1%. Among the prescriptions that combined a Kampo medicine with western medicine, the most frequently prescribed combination was a xanthine derivative and a Mao (麻黄, Ephedrae herba, Ephedra sinica STAPF)-containing Kampo medicine, especially theophylline and Kakkon-to. Regarding such combinations, the monitoring of adverse effects and a check of the prescription seemed to be important. The use of Toki-shakuyaku-san and Dai-kenchu-to rapidly increased and the use of Sho-saiko-to, Ninjin-yoei-to, Go-rei-san, and Hochu-ekki-to decreased over the study period. From these trends in the prescriptions, it is believed that the demand for Kankyo (乾姜), Zingiberis siccatum rhizoma, Zingiber officinale RoscoE, Koi (膠飴), Saccharum granorum, Sansho (山椒), Zanthoxyli Fructus, Zanthoxylum piperitum DE CANDOLLE, Shakuyaku (芍薬), Paeoniae Radix, Paeonia lactiflora PALLAS, and Botampi (牡丹皮), Moutan cortex, Paeonia suifruticosa ANDREWS, will increase rapidly in the future. It is important to carry out similar investigations at a wide variety of hospitals and clinics including emergency hospitals and sanatoria to clarify the future balance of the supply and demand of Kampo medicines and their constituent herbs.
Journal
- Journal of traditional medicines [List of Volumes]
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Journal of traditional medicines 19(2), 58-75, 2002-04-20 [Table of Contents]
Medical and Pharmaceutical Society for WAKAN-YAKU