戦後日本の高校間格差成立過程と社会階層-1985年SSM調査データの分析を通じて-  [in Japanese] High School Streaming and Social Stratification in Post-War Japan: Analyzing the Data Set of the 1985 SSM National Survey  [in Japanese]

The aim of this study is to consider the historical change in the linkage between high school streaming and social stratification in post-war Japan, analyzing the data set of the national 1985 Social Stratification and Social Mobility (SSM) survey in Japan. Although "social structure and education" has been the subject of study in sociology of education for a long time, former studies have not explored the process of construction of the linkage between high school streaming and social structure. Most studies of social mobility and education have mentioned educational credentials, but did not notice the importance of high school streaming on social mobility. On the other hand, most research on high school streaming and their students or graduates could not follow students' careers long after their graduation. Before analyzing the SSM data, we noticed the impact of the Baby Boom generation (1946-1949 birth) on the high school system in this country. Reformation of the high school system during the late 1950s to mid 1960s, in order to cope with the high school entrance of the Baby Boom generation, produced high school expansion after the late 1960s. Taking this opportunity, Japanese high schools separated into highly stratified streams according to students' achievement levels. By using the SSM data, this study first examines the linkage between high school types ('gakka') and a) father's job (origin) and b) own first job (destination). Next, we investigate the linkage between high school ranks ('shingakuritsu') and a) father's job and b) own first job. In both studies, we separate the sample into two groups such as 1) Pre-Baby-Boom generation (age 35 and above) and 2) Post Baby-Boom generation (age 20-34), and compare the difference. The findings of this research are as follows. After the period of high school entrance of the Baby Boom generation, 1) vocational schools (shokugyo-ka) lost their characteristics and deteriorated in social status, 2) academic schools (futsu-ka) themselves are so highly stratified that even academic schools could be separated into 3 categories.

The aim of this study is to consider the historical change in the linkage between high school streaming and social stratification in post-war Japan, analyzing the data set of the national 1985 Social Stratification and Social Mobility (SSM) survey in Japan. Although "social structure and education" has been the subject of study in sociology of education for a long time, former studies have not explored the process of construction of the linkage between high school streaming and social structure. Most studies of social mobility and education have mentioned educational credentials, but did not notice the importance of high school streaming on social mobility. On the other hand, most research on high school streaming and their students or graduates could not follow students' careers long after their graduation. Before analyzing the SSM data, we noticed the impact of the Baby Boom generation (1946-1949 birth) on the high school system in this country. Reformation of the high school system during the late 1950s to mid 1960s, in order to cope with the high school entrance of the Baby Boom generation, produced high school expansion after the late 1960s. Taking this opportunity, Japanese high schools separated into highly stratified streams according to students' achievement levels. By using the SSM data, this study first examines the linkage between high school types ('gakka') and a) father's job (origin) and b) own first job (destination). Next, we investigate the linkage between high school ranks ('shingakuritsu') and a) father's job and b) own first job. In both studies, we separate the sample into two groups such as 1) Pre-Baby-Boom generation (age 35 and above) and 2) Post Baby-Boom generation (age 20-34), and compare the difference. The findings of this research are as follows. After the period of high school entrance of the Baby Boom generation, 1) vocational schools (shokugyo-ka) lost their characteristics and deteriorated in social status, 2) academic schools (futsu-ka) themselves are so highly stratified that even academic schools could be separated into 3 categories.