FACTORIAL STUDY OF MACHINING SKILL

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  • 機械加工技能の因子論的研究
  • 機械加工技能の因子論的研究--機械科訓練生の能力構造
  • キカイ カコウ ギノウ ノ インシロンテキ ケンキュウ キカイカ クンレンセイ
  • Ability structure of Mechanical Course Trainees
  • 機械科訓練生の能力構造

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Abstract

The main problem in the factorial study of industrial skill is whether skill and technical knowledge are synthesized ability or separate one. Solution of this problem plays an important part in the development of the curriculum arrangement and teaching methods concerning industrial skill. However, recent studies concerning this problem have not obtained conformed results. The purpose of this paper was first to clarify the ability structure of mechanical course trainees, and secondly to examine whether skill and technical knowledge were integrated or separated in ability, and thirdly to show how “Ability of work planning” was related to “Technical Knowledge” and “skill”.<BR>The subjects we re 366 male trainees enrolled in the mechanical (Lathe Mechanic) course of The Advanced Vocational Training Center. They were 2nd year trainees. Test variables were 54 variables in 3 territories, namely, Technical Knowledge, Skill, and Vocational Aptitude. An outline of the tests administrated was as follows.<BR>(1) Territory of Technical Knowledge: we used “Standardized Achievement Test for Mechanical Course” to measure the scholastic attainment concerning technical knowledge. This test was designed to measure 36 variables concerning the 9 main subjects in the mechanical course curriculum.<BR>(2) Territory of skill: We used “Mechanical Course Skill Test” developed to measure skill of machining. The test consisted of “Turning skill Test” and “Test of Measurement Skill”. 9 variables were measured by these tests.<BR>(3) Territory of Vocational Aptitude: 9 variables were measured by the subjects of General Aptitude Test Battery edited by the Ministry of Labor in Japan (GATB, 1972). All tests mentioned above were administrated according to “Test Manual” at the end of the training period in each Vocational Training Center.<BR>We applied the ANALYSIS-1 and ANALYSIS-2 as follows.<BR>ANALYSIS-1: The correlation matrix among test variables was processed by Centroid Factor Solution. Then, Cluster analysis by WPG Method (Weighted Pair Group Method) and Re-arrangement Method was performed to clarify the hierarchical structure of ability.<BR>ANALYSIS-2: Canonical correlation analysis and Factor analysis were conducted to find Whether “The Ability of Work Planning” was related to “Technical Knowledge” and “Skill”.<BR>The major results were as follows.<BR>(1) As the results of factor analysis among mechanical course trainees, we derived 5 factors. They were Technical theory factor, Work administration factor, Perceptual motor factor, products processing factor, and Face finish factor, we could not find the factor having the loading both with technical knowledge and practical ability reported by similar studies. Our factor, namely Technical theory factor, was independent of practical abilities. We could find “Work administration factor” and “Products processing factor” as unique factors. Perceptual motor factor was extracted as a single factor that had high loadings with Vocational Aptitude, and was independent of other variables.<BR>(2) It was clarified that the ability structure of technical knowledge differrentiated the basic principal contents and the practical contents related directly to work.<BR>(3) It was found that “Measurement skill” belonged to “Perceptual motor cluster”.“Measurement skill” seemed to be of similar ability to Clerical perception in GATB.<BR>(4) It was proved that work planning ability lay between technical knowledge and skill, and has reversion to both of them.

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