Training Effect as Viewed from Nervous System

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  • 神経系よりみたTraining Effectについて
  • シンケイケイ ヨリ ミタ Training Effect ニ ツイテ

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Abstract

The training effect which can be explained through the functions of the norvous system is easily seen in the autonomic nervous system, that is, the phenomenon of vagotonia against heart. By electrocardiogram, the prolongation of PQ-interval is observed, and then bradicardia, while the hypertrophy of heart muscles comes later than expected. When vagotonia becomes stronger, even morbid phenomena will appear, which is shown in experiments on animals. Training effects in exercise as viewed from nervous systen are more important in terms of dexterity or skill than in terms of power. As the basis for posture, concerning joints, Sherrington et al. took up the stretch reflex of the proprioceptive sense organ in the museles in the direction of the length of the muscles, and, for the flexibility of joint movement, reciprocal innervation where the tonus of antagonistic muscles changes alternately, and verified the spinal reflex's integrative action of nervous system. Magnus et al. proved the importance of neck reflex to posture. Modern physiology tried to clarify reflexes by means of ENG employing intracellular electrodes, discovered the postsynaptic potentials by presynaptic stimulation and elucidated the feed back control of efferent and afferent nerves in muscle spindles. As spinal reflexes of muscles have been made clear, studies must be extended to higher nervous system, cerebral cortex. In sports and physical exercise, skill by training is necessary. Body movement can be flexible when done by well-programmed reflexes, but man must be creative, and new forms of movement will be born here. This programmer is a cerebral cortex. Some programs may be incompatible with reflexes, but training can make them reflexive and give rise to beautiful forms. Examples are shown. The application of electroencephalograph to sports physiology is still in its infancy, but we have succeeded in electroencephalographical experiments, by using a radio-telemeter, made on the subjects who are taking exercise and training effects are being made clear as changes in the brain wave.

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