ガラスの非平衡ダイナミクス  [in Japanese] Nonlinear Dynamics of Glasses  [in Japanese]

Abstract

液体を融点以下に急冷するとアモルファス状態のまま固化してガラスになる.ガラス転移と呼ばれるこの現象は古くから知られているが, 転移が起こる本質的な機構についてはいまだに解明されていない.これまで平衡に近い状態での線形応答に関心が集中したが, 最近になってエイジング過程や流動下など平衡から大きく離れた状態でのガラスの非線形応答に関心が集まり出した.ガラスのように平衡状態さえ満足に分かっていない系の非平衡・非線形の応答など手も足も出ないと思いがちであるが, 最近の計算機シミュレーションは意外なほど単純な性質の存在を明らかにした.

Liquids can become glassy states when quenched rapidly. Such glass transition has long been known, but the mechanism there still remains unclear. Recently nonequilibrium effects such as those under shear or aging have attracted much attention in the physics community. Large-scale computer simulations have revealed surprisingly simple relations in nonequilibrium properties in supercooled liquids and glasses. Particularly marked with lowering the temperature is extreme sensitivity to applied shear giving rise to nonlinear response and dynamic heterogeneity closely resembling the critical fluctuations in near-critical systems.

Journal

Butsuri   [List of Volumes]

Butsuri 60(8), 602-609, 2005-08-05  [Table of Contents]

The Physical Society of Japan (JPS)

References:  59

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Cited by:  4

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Codes

  • NII Article ID (NAID) :
    110002078859
  • NII NACSIS-CAT ID (NCID) :
    AN00196952
  • Text Lang :
    JPN
  • Article Type :
    Journal Article
  • ISSN :
    00290181
  • NDL Article ID :
    7379926
  • NDL Source Classification :
    ZM35(科学技術--物理学)
  • NDL Call No. :
    Z15-13
  • Databases :
    CJP  CJPref  NDL  NII-ELS