MRSA感染への対応 (その他)

機関リポジトリ NDLデジタルコレクション 参考文献41件

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  • Prevention and Control of MRSA Infection

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Many efficacious antimicrobial agents have beem developed in the latter half of the 20th century, and this has enabled us to overcome bacterial infections. However, various drug-resistant bacteria including methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have been emerging. MRSA strains used to be isolated not only from compromised patients with nosocomial infection but also from patients with community-acquired infection. MRSA infection is difficult to treat because of the strong pathogenecity of causative pathogens and their resistance to many kinds of antimicrobial agents. Therefore, MRSA infections must be controlled by rapid detection of these strains, appropriate diagnosis of infections, followed by effective antimicrobial therapies and infection control measures. Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VISA) was first isolated in Japan in 1976 and soon afterward was reported in other countries. In addition, two cases of MRSA infections due to vancomycin-resistant S. aureus (VRSA) having vanA gene from vancomycin-resistant enterococci were first reported from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 2002. Promoting the appropriate and prudent use of antimicrobial agents based on evidence-based medicine is strongly recommended to prevent further proliferation of the multidrug-resistant pathogens. The role of health-care workers in nosocomial infection transmission has been documented and the importance of human handwashing in preventing such transmission has been understood. In 2002, guideline for hand hygiene in healthcare settings was published by CDC. It recommended hand hygiene with alcoholbased hand rubs between the majority of patient contacts. It is also important to keep high level of compliance of the handwashing and hand antisepsis in preventing MRSA infections.

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