『捷解新語』から見る原因・理由を表す条件句 : 「ホドニ」の改修状況を中心として  [in Japanese] Changes in Sentential Conjunctions Expressing Cause/ Reason in the Revision Processes of Shokai-Shingo : An Analysis Based on Semantic and Pragmatic Factors  [in Japanese]

原因・理由を表す条件句「ホドニ」から「ニヨッテ」への勢力交替現象は,中世の口語資料を用いた先行研究全般において言及されているが,17世紀前半に成立したと推定される『捷解新語』においても,中世から近世にかけての歴史的変遷の影響と思われる「ホドニ」の減少と「ニヨリ」の増加が確認できる。本稿では,『捷解新語』原刊本の原因・理由表現句の改修本・重刊本における改修状況を,改修されなかった箇所も視野に入れ,意味論的解釈/語用論的解釈という観点を導入して新たな意味づけを行った。

In previous research on colloquial Japanese in the Middle Ages, it has been pointed out that sentential conjunctions expressing cause/reason shifted from hodoni to ni-yotte. In the Japanese examples found in the three versions of Shokai-shingo, a textbook on Japanese for native speakers of Korean, with publication dates ranging from the latter half of 17 th century to the latter half of the 18 th century, the same tendency is found : sentential conjunctions expressing cause/reason shift from hodoni to ni-yori, a form very closely related to ni-yotte. In the original version of Shokai-shingo (1676), hodoni is used over-whelmingly, but some of the occurrences change to ni-yori, yuwe and te in the first (1748) and second (1781) revisions. Hodoni in the original version changes to these other conjunctions in the later versions in situations of notifying, reporting and exposition of rules. In contrast, hodoni remains unchanged in situations of persuading, scolding, making excuses and feasting. Previous research comparing hodoni and ni-yori have suggested differences in style, speaker attitude and viewpoint, as well as syntactic factors. These factors, however, do not adequately explain the difference between hodoni and ni-yori, and I suggest an analysis based on semantic and pragmatic factors : ni-yori expresses actual cause-effect relations, and thus is a semantic conjunctive ; hodoni, on the other hand, involves factors going beyond the surface meaning of words, and thus is more of a pragmatic conjunctive. This difference between semantic and pragmatic factors is a major reason for the pattern seen in the revisions of sentential conjunctions expressing cause/reason.